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DICOM and NM: The IHE Nuclear Medicine Profile. Jerold Wallis, MD. NM Image. NM. PACS. NM Image. NM. PACS. NM Image Problem. Click and move mouse down to adjust window level, right to adjust window center. RSNA HIMSS Vendors. Achieving Real-World Interoperability
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DICOM and NM:The IHE Nuclear Medicine Profile Jerold Wallis, MD
NM Image NM PACS
NM Image NM PACS
NM Image Problem Click and move mouse down to adjust window level, right to adjust window center
RSNA HIMSS Vendors Achieving Real-World Interoperability Uses existing standards (DICOM etc) to define specific ways of meeting clinical needs IHE “Profiles” Integrating the Healthcare Enterprise
Profiles • Users document need • Vendors agree on how to address that need • Uniform implementation • Documentation • Opportunity for testing • Users can ask for the profile
NM Profile • New for 2004 • Vendors will evaluate and implement over the summer • Testing in January
Explains the DICOM NM image format NM IOD (PET IOD) Multiframe Dynamic Anterior Posterior Multi-energy NM Image • Image vectors NM ProfilePart I—Informative
Image creators Processing stations Storage devices Image displays Participation is voluntary Must support features if claim compliance NM ProfilePart II—Required • Review option • + SPECT display • Result screen export option • Gated & Static processed screens
Image Displays • Must support separate adjustments of upper and lower window levels
Image Displays • Must use “intelligent” scaling to avoid presenting postage-stamp size NM images
Image Displays • Must use “intelligent” scaling to avoid presenting postage-stamp size NM images • Must allow the user to separate out different vectors of complex multi-frame images • Must allow the user to separately adjust intensity for different framesets (eg, phases) in the same “image”
Display Formats • Grid display • One image set • Fit display • Multiple image sets • Comparison display • Multiple image sets • (SPECT display) • Review option
PACS NM Workstation ? • No ! • No filtering • No ROI • No TAC • No renal, lung … processing • No reframing • No cardiac processing
Image types Projections Transaxials Short axis Vertical long Horizontal long Patient states Stress Rest Reinjection Redistribution Delayed redistribution Cardiac Issues: Image Creator(Acquisition system)
Angle encoding Oblique slices Short axis stacking order Apex-to-base Use Patient state and image type codes Image selection Output of processed screens (for PACS) Static Gated (Result Screen export option) Cardiac Issues: Evidence Creator(Processing station)
Cardiac Issues: Image Display(PACS Display) • Show multiple cines • Display grayscale and color result screens • Display cine result screens • Apply local color tables to grayscale screens • Add color tables to system • Change intensity of grayscale result screens • (strongly recommended)
Image Storage Provider • Store NM images • Retrieve NM images • Complete with private header info
But Wait, There’s More • NM Image Profile • 50 pages • Technical • Available at www.rsna.org/IHE/ • CAIC Web site • gamma.wustl.edu/caic.html www.snm.org/caic
What’s Missing: PET NM PACS
What’s Missing: PET / CT • PET fusion profile • Next year?
Action Needed: By You Ask for the NM Image Profile NM Vendors Cardiac software authors PACS