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JOURNAL #1

JOURNAL #1. What general traits do all arthropods share? List at least 5 common traits. PHYLUM ARTHROPODA. Kingdom Animalia. Phylum Arthropoda. Subphylum Chelicerata. Subphylum Crustacea Lobster Crab Shrimp Crayfish Barnacles Isopods. Class Merostomata Horseshoe crab.

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JOURNAL #1

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  1. JOURNAL #1 • What general traits do all arthropods share? List at least 5 common traits.

  2. PHYLUM ARTHROPODA

  3. Kingdom Animalia Phylum Arthropoda Subphylum Chelicerata Subphylum Crustacea Lobster Crab Shrimp Crayfish Barnacles Isopods Class Merostomata Horseshoe crab Class Arachnida spiders Subphylum Uniramia Class Chilopoda centipedes Class Hexapoda insects Class Diplopoda millipedes

  4. General Arthropod Characteristics • Arthropod means “jointed foot” • Paired jointed appendages • Segmented bodies • Tagmatization- body regions have specific functions • a. Head- sensory/feeding • b. Thorax- locomotion • c. Abdomen- visceral functions

  5. Exoskeleton • a. Support & protection • b. Prevents water loss • c. Two layers • 1. Epicuticle- lipoprotein; impermeable to water & pesticides • 2. Procuticle- chitin; thick, tough, leathery protein

  6. Grow by shedding exoskeleton- ecdysis (molting) • Ventral nervous system • Open circulatory system • Complete digestive system w/ mouth & anus

  7. SUBPHYLUM CRUSTACEA

  8. Lobsters, shrimp, crab, barnacles, copepods, isopods (rolly polly)

  9. Crayfish Anatomy Body regions • Cephalothorax- fused head & chest region. Covered by hard, sclerotized carapace. • Abdomen- has some swimming appendages and visceral organs. In some, takes form of muscular tail.

  10. Paired appendages- Head: 1stAntennae- long; sense, feed, taste 2ndAntennules- short; sense, feed, taste 3rdMandibles- chewing & grinding 4th, - 6thmaxillae- small, hair-like; respiration, food handling, taste 7th, 8thmaxillipeds- larger than maxillae, food handling, taste

  11. Paired appendages- Thorax: • 9thchelipeds- “claw”; food capture & defense. • 10th- 13thperiopods- walking legs for movement

  12. Paired appendages- Abdomen: • Pleopods- hair-like swimmerets may help with swimming; First 2 pairs at junction of thorax & abdomen are used to determine gender & for sexual reproduction • Telson- tail like structure at end of abdomen. Anus located here. • Uropods- 2 flipper-like structures on either side of abdomen (total of 4 uropods); aid in steering/swimming

  13. Digestion/Feeding 1. Scavengers & predators- eat other invertebrates, some plants 2. Foregut/stomach- enlarged part of stomach in cephalothorax;contains tooth-like structures (gastric teeth) for grinding food. 3. Digestive gland- secrete enzymes into stomach & store food. 4. Intestine- embedded in muscular abdomen. 5. Anus

  14. Circulation • Open circulatory system • Have heart with short vessels

  15. Respiration • Gills- feathery; under carapace • Maxillae- push water over gills while resting. • Walking legs- push water over gills while moving.

  16. Excretion 1. Green glands- kidney-like organs located behind 2nd pair of antennae. 2. Renal pore- ammonia liquid waste released through this pore in front of head.

  17. Nervous & Sensory System • Cerebral ganglion- fused trilobed brain • Ventral nerve cord- runs along belly with small ganglia masses • Compound eyes- on movable stalks • Setae- hair-like on mouth & antennae; detect food & pheromones

  18. Reproduction • Dioecious • Mating occurs after females molt in fall. • Male inseminates female using 2 stiff anterior pleopods. • In the spring, as the female passes eggs out of her body, they become fertilized. • Eggs attach to pleopods on abdomen where they stay until hatching.

  19. Economical/Environmental Importance • Part of the Food chain • Control animal populations • Major source of protein for many regions of the world’s human population. • Decomposers (rolly polly)

  20. The structure responsible for excretion in crayfish is a. Kidney b. Green gland c. cheliped • The pincers used for food capture & defense are called a. Pleopods b. Chelipeds c. tweezers • The large finger-like structures around the mouth that are used for tasting & food handling are a. Maxillipeds b. Mandibles c. telson • Which organism does not belong to class Arachnida? a. Scorpion b. Horseshoe crab c. tick • The enlarged finger-like structures around the mouth of the spider which can hold sperm in male spiders are called a. Pedipalps b. Spinnerets c. abdomen DAILY QUIZ #1

  21. ANTENNAE 4. ABDOMEN • ANTENNULES 5. PLEOPODS • CARAPACE

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