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Equine Infectious Anemia

Equine Infectious Anemia. Andrea Jensen & Emily French. Discovery History . Horsey AIDS?… NOT. Lentiviruses. Retrovirus Family Single Strand (+) RNA virus Contains 2 copies Can infect non-dividing cells Contains regulatory proteins Latent or active viral states

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Equine Infectious Anemia

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  1. Equine Infectious Anemia Andrea Jensen & Emily French

  2. Discovery History

  3. Horsey AIDS?… NOT

  4. Lentiviruses • Retrovirus Family • Single Strand (+) RNA virus • Contains 2 copies • Can infect non-dividing cells • Contains regulatory proteins • Latent or active viral states • Spread by blood and other bodily fluids • Long lived virus leading to reservoir for persistent infection • Virus type present in many vertebrate species

  5. The next 30 minutes of your life… • Transmission • Pathology • Testing and Control • Vaccine research, EIAV/FIV • What does it mean to Me?

  6. Transmission • Vicki 15 min of fame

  7. Viral Life Cycle

  8. Primary Pathology • Mature RBC’s destroyed by immune system • Maturation of RBC precursor cells prevented

  9. Other EIAV Symptoms • Depression • Fever • Enlarged Lymph Nodes • Weakness • Weight Loss • Anorexia • Edema • Nasal Discharge • DEATH

  10. How EIAV Stacks Up • HIV “generally” fatal • FIV is “Kitty AIDS” • EIAV has 30% mortality

  11. So now you know….. What EIAV is and what it means for the horse. But what are we doing about it? • Mandatory Testing • Federally Mandated Control Measures • Vaccine Research

  12. Current Testing • Agar gel immunodiffusion test (AGID or Coggin’s) • Competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay (cELISA) AGID / Coggin’s cELISA

  13. Control Measures • Life-long quarantine • Slaughter • Research • Euthanasia

  14. What this means is… 70% of horses that contract EIAV would effectively manage the infection…. But….. 100% of horses who have a positive Coggin’s Test will die as a result of the test.

  15. Vaccines No. Yes. Well, Maybe…

  16. Why do we even care? • Vaccine Research • Therapeutic Vectors • Immune System

  17. The End

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