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Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions. Review - Oxidation Reaction: 8. Oxidation primary alcohol --> aldehyde 9. Oxidation secondary alchol --> ketone 10. Oxidation aldehyde --> acid New Reactions: 6. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen --> pri. Alcohol.

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Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

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  1. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions • Review - Oxidation Reaction: • 8. Oxidation primary alcohol --> aldehyde • 9. Oxidation secondary alchol --> ketone • 10. Oxidation aldehyde --> acid • New Reactions: • 6. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen --> pri. Alcohol. • 6. Reduction: ketone + hydrogen --> sec. Alcohol • 14. Hemiacetal Synthesis: alcohol + aldehyde or ketone --> hemiacetal • 15. Acetal Synthesis: hemiacetal + alcohol --> acetal

  2. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

  3. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions • Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen --> pri. Alcohol • Form of addition reaction.

  4. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen • Break hydrogen bond

  5. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen • Break double bond and use electrons to bond with hydrogen.

  6. Reduction: aldehyde + hydrogen • Brief Method

  7. Hemiacetal and Acetal Functional Groups • Hemiacetal: alcohol and ether on same carbon • Acetal: Two ethers on same carbon

  8. Hemiacetal Synthesis: aldehyde + hydrogen • Alcohol + aldehyde --> hemiacetal • Ethanal + methanol • Alcohol oxygen becomes an ether • Carbon double bond oxygen becomes an alcohol

  9. Synthesis of Acetal Functional Group • Acetal: alcohol plus hemiacetal (ether synthesis) • Acetal: Two ethers on same carbon

  10. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

  11. Aldehyde and Ketone Reactions

  12. Hemiacetal and Acetal Reactions • Ques. 13: Complete the following reactions:

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