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The Hundred Years' War (1337-1453) was a protracted series of conflicts between the Kingdoms of England and France, rooted in territorial claims and issues of succession. Starting with Edward III's claim to the French throne and his championship of the English territory in Aquitaine, the war saw major battles like Sluys, Crécy, and Poitiers. Key figures included the Black Prince and Joan of Arc, whose courage turned the tide in favor of the French. After numerous victories and setbacks, the war ultimately concluded with France reclaiming territories, marking a significant shift in medieval power dynamics.
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Courtney Pillow & Nicholas DeJarnette TheHundredYears’War
1337 - • Edward III, King of England, was closest in line to the French throne • French claimed Philip of Valois to be the King • They did not want an Englishmen in charge • Everyone agreed on Edward getting Gascony in exchange for Philip to be King of France • Philip takes the Aquitaine • War was declared between France and England The Aquitaine wikitravel.org
1340 - • French Navy lost at Sluys • Edward III defeated them on June 24th; marked the beginning of the war • French fleet is destroyed The Battle of Sluys www.britishbattles.com
1346 - • Battle of Crécy – August 26 • French outnumbered the English but the English had superior skills • French were defeated • Edward moved north and captured Calais Battle of Crécy historywarsweapons.com
1350 - • Philip VI dies; John II takes over • Black Death arrived in Europe • 1/3 of the population fell victim to the disease www.vlib.us
1356 - • Edward the Black Prince, Edward III’s son, represented England • The Black Prince invaded France and won Battle of Poitiers • Captured John II www.imperialtometric.com
1358 - 1360 • The Black Prince was invading France, signed the Treaty of Brétigny, with Charles • This gave up Charles’s rights to the French throne • The treaty gave England almost all the control of Aquitaine www.allenzhertz.com
1364 - 1369 • John II died in England • He was succeeded by Charles V • Gascon nobles were being taxed heavily by the Black Prince • They appeal to Charles V • Charles V takes the Aquitaine • The war was renewed
1372 - • Battle at La Rochelle • English naval fleet was defeated • This weakened their position www.stormfront.org
1376 - • The Black Prince died • (1330-1376) The Black Prince www.probertencyclopaedia.com
1377 - • Edward III dies • Richard II takes the throne • Disputes over the throne gave French advantage • Isle of Wright is overrun by French • Inhabitants are forced to buy them off August - • French fleet burns Hastings • Causes an uproar in England
1399 - • Richard II resigned the throne of England • Henry VI took over Henry VI www.catherinedemontsalvy.ch
1416 - 1419 • Henry VI asked for properties once held by Henry II • He was refused • Henry crossed the channel and took control of Harfleur • Henry defeated the French at Agincocrt • Henry VI continued placing Normandy under the English
1420 - Marriage of Henry and Catherine • Henry and Charles VI signed a treaty • Henry would marry Charles’s daughter • His heirs would inherit the French throne www.art.com
1422 - • Henry II died • Henry VI was crowned in England and also in France • People didn’t agree with this • They wanted Dauphin Charles – earlier, he was named illegitimate • English still maintained military superiority in France
1428 - • English laid siege to Orleans • They continued to take more territory Siege on Orleans www.worldhistoryonline.org
1429 - • English now control northern 3rd of France and Aquitaine in the southwest of the country • Joan of Arc said she could speak to God and that he told her to help drive the English from France • Joan persuaded Charles to let her help • She road into battle in full armor and raised the spirits of the French troops • They were able to lift the siege on Orleans • Battle of Jargeau • 700 English troops defended the town for 2 days • Joan killed as many as 1,100 people aipetcher.wordpress.com
1430 - • Joan of Arc was captured by the Burgundies • They handed her to the English • She was tried on charges of heresy and witchcraft • Joan was burned at the stake in Rouen www.joanofarc.us
1435 - 1453 • (1435) Burgundies changed sides • Signed treaty with King of France • Fighting continued and France achieved many more victories • The French were set in a place where the outcome of the war was in a positive favor for France • (1453) The last battle of the war was the Battle of Castillon • In Aquitaine • France was finally returned to the French
References • Airfix Model Kit Joan of Arc « Age of Innocence. Age of Innocence. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://aipetcher.wordpress.com/tag/airfix-model-kit-joan-of-arc/>. • Aquitaine." Cartoon. - Wikitravel. Web. 07 May 2012. <http://wikitravel.org/en/Aquitaine> • "Audi AlteramPartem." : Medieval Treaty Obligation. Web. 30 Mar. 2012. <http://www.allenzhertz.com/2009/11/medieval-treaty-obligation.html>. • "Battle of Crecy | History Wars Weapons." History Wars Weapons. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://historywarsweapons.com/battle-of-crecy/>. • "Battles of the Middle Ages - Batailles Du MoyenÂge." Map. Online Conversion of Imperial and Metric Units of Measurement - ImperialToMetric.com. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <http://www.imperialtometric.com/Edition/batailles/Sections/MiddleAges.htm>. • Catherine De Montsalvy. Catherine De Montsalvy... Juliette Benzoni. Web. 01 Oct. 2011.<http://www.catherinedemontsalvy.ch/English/History/Gallery/Medieval.htm>. • "The Course of the Black Death in 14th Century Europe" Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <http://www.vlib.us/medieval/graphics/bd-map.jpg>. • Death of Joan of Arc | Trial of Joan of Arc the Martyr | Joan of Arc Burned at the Steak | Joan of Arc Hear Voices before She Died.Joan of Arc in Battle | Wars & Warriors Joan of Arc | Joan of Arc Hundred Years War | Joan of Arc Heard Voice of God. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://www.joanofarc.us/death_of_joan_of_arc.html>. • Edward the Black Prince. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <www.propertencyclopaedia.com/cgi- bin/res.pl?keyword=Edward+the+Black+Prince&offset=0>.
References cont. • The Hundred Years War : Battle of Sluys 1340. British Battles - Analysing and Documenting British Battles from the Previous Centuries. Web. 30 Sept. 2011. <http://www.britishbattles.com/100-years-war/sluys.htm>. • Name, Last. The Marriage of Henry V of England and Catherine De Valois the Daughter of Charles VI of France Giclee Print by Joseph Kronheim at Art.com. Art.com - Posters, Art Prints, and Framed Art Leader. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://www.art.com/products/p12370819-sa-i1742923/joseph- kronheim-the-marriage-of-henry-v-of-england-and-catherine-de-valois-the- daughter-of-charles-vi-of-france.htm>. • Siege of Orleans - World History Online. History Articles - World History Online. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://www.worldhistoryonline.org/middle-ages- history/siege-of-orleans.html>. • Southern European Culture - Page 7 - Stormfront. Stormfront - White Nationalist Community. Web. 01 Oct. 2011. <http://www.stormfront.org/forum/t816101- 7/>.
Works Cited "Hundred Years War, France." Visit France with France Travel Guide: Places to Visit, Holidays and Car Hire, and Hotels in France. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. <http://www.francethisway.com/history/hundred-years-war.php>. "Timeline of the Hundred Years War." La Belle Compagnie Home Page. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. <http://www.labelle.org/hist_Timeline.html>. "Timeline of the One Hundred Years War." Medieval Life and Times. Web. 27 Sept. 2011. <http://www.medieval-life-and-times.info/medieval- history/timeline-one-hundred-years-war.htm>.
