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Oxford Shipping

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Oxford Shipping

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  1. OXFORD SHIPPING

  2. Logistics

  3. Components of Logistics Management

  4. 2. Parties involved in Shipping and Transportation

  5. 2. Parties involved in Shipping and Transportation

  6. 2.2 Freight Forwarder

  7. Differences Between NVOCC and Freight Forwarder

  8. Differences Between NVOCC and Freight Forwarder (con’t) NVOCCs can (and frequently do) own and operate the containers they ship; they may also lease (for their own use or others’) said containers. Cutting out the middle man, these workers eliminate steps within the shipping process, as well as those who are involved in each step. Freight forwarders do not (and cannot) follow this same protocol. Certain countries, such as the United States, require NVOCC operators to make a public tariff; this takes place when each respective operator reports his or her tariffs to the correct government branch. Each country has various rules set into place, including who is to be the point of contact, and when they should be contacted. Again, this isn’t requested of freight forwarders. Depending on the location, NVOCCs may have to take on the status of a “virtual carrier”. While other places require each NVOCC to take on the liabilities of the carrier. This is considered to be somewhat riskier, as well as taking more responsibilities, but many NVOCCs say that it is more than worth the added effort.

  9. Differences Between NVOCC and Freight Forwarder (con’t) Freight forwarding companies may act as either an agent or partner for a NVOCC; the vice versa is not true. Again, this provides more freedom and allows NVOCCs to adjust to the task as necessary. Documentation. Freight forwarders gather all required documentation for entry to foreign countries from their customers and carriers, amended to comply with foreign regulations, and forwarded to the final destination party for clearance. NVOCCs, however, act as the carrier and issue their own bills of lading or air waybills. These carriers amend the commercial invoice and packing list from the customer to comply with foreign entry regulations before forwarding the documentation to their foreign agent, who ensures clearance, breakdown of the container and arrangement for delivery to the consignee.

  10. 2.3 Third Party Logistics (3PL)

  11. 2.4 Fourth Party Logistics (4PL)

  12. Main Difference between 3PLs and 4PLs

  13. Main Difference between 1 - 4PLs

  14. Main Difference between 3PLs and 4PLs

  15. 2.5 Ship Brokers

  16. Dry cargo broking

  17. Types of Bulker

  18. Tanker broking

  19. Sale and purchase

  20. 2.5 Ship Brokers (con’t)

  21. Tasks and Responsibilities of Shipping Agents

  22. Responsibilities of shipping agents include:

  23. Responsibilities of shipping agents include (con’t)

  24. Discussion/Exercise

  25. How opportunities vary for brokers and agents

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