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DISCOH Scientific Workshop 29-31 March 2012

Sustainability of the Peruvian anchoveta -based supply chains from sea to plate ANCHOVETA-SC PROJECT status report Angel Avadi , IRD, Université Montpellier II. DISCOH Scientific Workshop 29-31 March 2012. Outline. The ANCHOVETA-SC project Supply chain modelling and evaluation

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DISCOH Scientific Workshop 29-31 March 2012

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  1. Sustainability of the Peruvian anchoveta-based supply chains from sea to plateANCHOVETA-SC PROJECT status reportAngel Avadi, IRD, Université Montpellier II DISCOH Scientific Workshop 29-31 March2012

  2. Outline • The ANCHOVETA-SC project • Supplychainmodelling and evaluation • Modelling • Sustainabilityindicators • Initial LCA results

  3. ANCHOVETA-SC • Project financed by IRD and project partners • Coordinator: Pierre Fréon, IRD • Location: Peru • Duration: 4 years (01.2010 - 12-2013) • Theme: Environmental and socio-economic assessment of major international supply chains consuming Peruvian anchoveta (aligned to WP5 DISCOH) • Outputs: • Sustainability assessment • Policy and sustainability suggestions • PhD thesis (plus other theses)

  4. Focus • Characterisation of biophisicalflowsalongthesupplychains (SC) • Featuringecosystem-SC interactions • Comparison of scenariosbasedondifferentfishingintensities and “fate” of landings (DHC vs IHC) • Sustainabilitycomparison of chains/scenariosbasedupon: • Energy performance • Environmentalimpacts (LCA) • Seafood-specificimpactcategories • Nutritionalvalue • Selected socio-economicindicators

  5. 1) Simplified SC diagram Inputs Anchoveta, predators Canned, cured, frozen Ecosystemdynamics DHC processing Inputs Emissions Fisheries Con-sumption Inputs (includingcrops) Emissions Inputs Inputs Chinesefinfish? Europeansalmon? Shrimp? Reduction Aquafeed Aquaculture Anchoveta Emissions Emissions Emissions

  6. Modellingecosystem-SC interactions EcopathwithEcosym Trophic model Umberto Material and energyflowmodel

  7. 2) Scenarios and 3) Indicators Harvest Fate Indicatorsrationale • To compare feed ingredients, feed formulations and seafood products: • Grossenergycontent (MJ/kg) • EdibleproteinEnergyReturnOnInvestment (%) • BioticResource Use (g C/kg) • EcologicalFootprint (ha/t) • To compare intermediate and final seafood products, and competing supply chains: • LCA impactcategories • Socio-economicindicators (tobedefined) Status quo (maximum anchoveta stock exploitation) Status quo (1-2% DHC) Status quo (maximum anchoveta stock exploitation) Increase in DHC (10-15% DHC) Diversification (reduction of anchoveta catches + increase of predator catches) Mixedmodelwith anchoveta DHC/IHC and anchoveta predators DHC

  8. LCAscarriedout • Twofishmealplants: • a conventional one producing only Fair Average Quality (FAQ) fishmeal and using mainly heavy fuel as energy source • a more modern steam plant producing both FAQ and prime quality fishmeal and using both heavy fuel and natural gas • Detailedinventories of industrial anchoveta fleetunderprocessing • preliminary LCA of representative “average“ 395 m3 vesselcategory • Twoaquafeedplants (Iquitos) • A pilotfacility and a workingcommercialfacility • Oneaquaculturefarm (Iquitos) • PeruvianAmazonianspecies

  9. Iquitos Colossomafarm • Colossomamacropomum (Gamitana), a largeAmazonianfish • Farm: 30 ha, convertedfrom rain forest, 11.2 ha of ponds (no wastewatertreatment), production: 100 t/a, feed: 150 t/a

  10. Network: Colossomafarm

  11. Characterisation: Colossomafarm • Mainimpactcontributors: feed and rain foresttransformation FRY

  12. Iquitos Aquafeedplants • 2 plantsvisited: • 30 t/a IIAP plant • 8 t/m commercialplant (competingwith Purina, etc.) • < 6% Peruvianfishmealcontent in feeds • > 33% Boliviansoymealcontent • > 45% local cornmealcontent

  13. Network: Aquafeedplant (8 t/m)

  14. Characterisation: Aquafeedplant • Mainimpactcontributor: use phase LCA FISHMEAL PLANT

  15. Aquafeedplant use phase • Impactcontributors in use phase: • oil-poweredelectricity • feedingredients, mainlyBoliviansoymeal (duetoclearcutting in Bolivia)

  16. Network: Hypothetical trout feed plant (43% fishmeal)

  17. Comparison of feedplants

  18. Network: Fishing vessel 395 m3

  19. Designremarks • Key aquacultureproductshaven’tbeencharacterisedforPeruvianconditions • E.g.Peruvian rice and corn. • Proxieswereused and adaptationsintroducedwhenpossible (e.g.BoliviansoymealadaptedfromBrazilian) • Key industrial productshaven’tbeencharacterised, yetit’scompositionisknown/estimated • E.g.electric and combustionengines

  20. LCA results • Construction and maintenance of (reduction, feed) plants contributes negligibly • Fuel use is the main contributor to impacts in all activities (fishing, reduction, feed processing) • Feed provision is the main contributor to impacts in extensive Peruvian aquaculture • The sourcing of feed ingredients is a critical factor for associated environmental impacts of feeds • E.g. Brazilian soymeal performing much worst than Bolivian one, due to clear cutting of rain forest vs. of shrublands.

  21. Further (ongoing) work • EwEscenariosdefinition and integrationwithUmberto • Selection of and data gatheringfor socio-economicindicators • Statisticalprocessing of fleetinventories and comprehensive LCA of fleetcategories • FurtherLCAs: • Canning, curing and freezing plants • Carnivore fish and shrimp aquaculture farms • Gatheringsupplychainsoperative data and LCIs • Backgroundprocessesforprovision of feedingredients • Published LCI/LCA data mustberecalculatedtoensureconsistency

  22. Gracias por su atención… Preguntas, comentarios? XXXX XXXX

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