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Learning Disability

Learning Disability. Characteristics. Disorganized Unable to focus Forgetful Disorientated LAZY Not motivated Struggling to Read Struggling to Write Oral skills. Most Elusive. Not global Not all areas are impaired Not consistent Easily measured Clear special need .

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Learning Disability

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  1. Learning Disability

  2. Characteristics • Disorganized • Unable to focus • Forgetful • Disorientated • LAZY • Not motivated • Struggling to Read • Struggling to Write • Oral skills

  3. Most Elusive • Not global • Not all areas are impaired • Not consistent • Easily measured • Clear special need

  4. What is a Learning Disability? • What it is not • Sensory impairment • Emotional • Physical • Cultural • Developmental

  5. Only Criterion • Difficulty with Information • Language • Despite intellectual, cultural, sensory • Taking in information • Receptive • Hearing and reading • Putting out information • Expressing • Oral and Written

  6. How do we view LD? • IQ score achievement discrepancy • 2 years – mental age and chronological age • Standardized tests • Central Auditory Processing • Impairments in processing • Cognitive functions • Memory and attention, perceptual- motor processing, language processing, visual motor integration

  7. LDAO Definition • LD • Variety of Disorders • Acquisition, retention, understanding, organization • Verbal and/or non verbal information • Impairment in one or more psychological process • Average abilities • Essential for thinking and reasoning • Specific not global • Range in severity • Interfere with one or more • Oral language, reading, written language, math • Social skills, organizational skills • Life long – more evident in school • Low achievement, high effort • Co-exist – other conditions – co-morbidity • Attention, behaviour, emotional, sensory • Special interventions, strategies, specific skill instruction

  8. Some Misinformation • Socio economic factors • Heredity • Only a school problem • Bad teaching • Students will outgrow it • Highly intelligent • ABI is the same as LD • LD – ADHD • Delinquent • Testing only - identifier

  9. Issues in the Field • Teacher preparation • Universal acceptance of definition • Assessment • Co-occurring disabilities • Integration • Gender representation • Over identification • Experimental approaches

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