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The main terrestrial ecosystems

Explore the diverse terrestrial ecosystems, including Tundra, Taiga, Deciduous forests, Mediterranean forests, Deserts, Savannas, and Tropical Rainforests. Each ecosystem has unique characteristics such as climate, soil type, and flora and fauna. The Tundra features extreme cold and permafrost, while Taiga is known for coniferous forests. Deciduous forests have rich soils and seasonal diversity. Deserts boast sparse vegetation adapted to arid conditions, while Savannas support a vibrant mix of grasslands and wildlife. Learn how these ecosystems interact with marine biomes.

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The main terrestrial ecosystems

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  1. The main terrestrial ecosystems Modified from C.Hill 10/26/2009

  2. Tundra • Permafrost, continuously frozen ground • Large mammals with good insulation that include: musk oxen and caribou • Smaller animals include: lemmings, arctic fox, and snowy owl.

  3. Tundra • Northernmost limits of plant growth • High altitudes • Little precipitation • Extremely cold winter air temperature • Alaska, Canada, Scandinavia, and Russia

  4. Taiga: Coniferous Forests • Cone-bearers • Spruce, Pine, Fir, and Hemlock • Harsh winters, short summers • Thin, acidic soil

  5. Taiga: Coniferous Forests Taiga, themost extensive, stretchs across North America and Eurasiareaching the southern border of the artic tundra.

  6. Deciduous Forests • Sufficient moisture • Large trees • Oak, Hickory, Beech, and Maple  • Experience each season

  7. Deciduous Forests • Dominates most of the eastern United States • Soil rich in inorganic and organic nutrients • Support speices such as: arthropods, birds, small mammals, bobcats, foxes, black bears, and mountain lions

  8. Mediterranean forest • Dense, spiny shrubs • Tough evergreen leaves • Mild, rainy winters • Long, hot, dry summers

  9. Mediterranean forest • Require occasional fires for long-term maintenance • Plants regenerate quickly • Animal browsers such as: deer, fruit-eating birds, seed-eating rodents, lizards, and snakes

  10. Deserts • Sparse rainfall • Rapid evaporation • No perennial vegetation • Scattered shrubs and cacti

  11. Deserts • Desert plants and animals adapt to drought and extreme temperatures • Only active during cooler nights • Conserve water and seed-eaters such as: ants, birds, rodents, lizards, snakes and hawks

  12. Savanna • Dominated by grasses and scattered trees • Frequent fires • Rapid growing grass, good food source

  13. Savanna • tropics in central South America  • central and South Africa; home to giraffes, zebras, antelopes, baboons, lions, and cheetahs.

  14. Tropical Rain Forest • Rain is abundant • Poor soil • Large trees • Closed canopy

  15. Tropical Rain Forest • Found in very humid equatorial areas such as: • Indonesia • Amazon River basin

  16. Say the names of the following ecosystems

  17. MARINE BIOMES NERITIC ZONE PELAGIC ZONE APHOTIC EUPHOTIC

  18. MARINE BIOMES Which beings live in each zone? 1 2 3

  19. Plankton, nekton and benthos are the three groups into which aquatic living beings may be divided.

  20. MARINE BIOMES Animal or vegetal beings? Planktonic, benthic or nektonic beings? 1 2 3

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