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Linear Momentum

Linear Momentum. Law of Conservation of Momentum. This is one of four conservation laws in physics that are very important (charge, energy, and mass also) We will only study linear momentum (angular momentum is an AP Physics C topic only) Useful to use for interactions (like collisions).

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Linear Momentum

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  1. Linear Momentum

  2. Law of Conservation of Momentum • This is one of four conservation laws in physics that are very important (charge, energy, and mass also) • We will only study linear momentum (angular momentum is an AP Physics C topic only) • Useful to use for interactions (like collisions)

  3. Momentum and Its Relation to Force • Momentum is the product of an object’s mass and velocity • Units of kg∙m/s • Momentum comes from Newton’s Second Law • The rate of change of momentum (derivative of momentum) is equal to the net force acting on it

  4. Conservation of Momentum • momentum before = momentum after • The total momentum of an isolated system of objects remains constant • System = set of objects chosen that interact with each other • Isolated = the only significant forces are between the objects in the system • i.e., there is no net forces acting on the system • Often occurs in explosions

  5. Collisions and Impulse • Impulse = the product of force and the time over which the force acts • Impulse is the area under an F-t curve

  6. Conservation of Energy and Momentum in Collisions • Elastic Collision = total kinetic energy is conserved • Inelastic Collision = energy is conserved, but is no longer kinetic

  7. 1-D Collisions • Elastic Collisions • Inelastic Collisions • True for explosions, or where friction is present • If it is completely inelastic, the objects will stick together

  8. Collision in 2-D or 3-D • Momentum in each direction is conserved • px is conserved, py etc.

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