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Vets Working With Feeder Cattle Nutrition

Vets Working With Feeder Cattle Nutrition. http://gpvec.unl.edu. Simply Put … It is all up to you. Involvement can be … As simple as providing on call service … and gripping about the feeding management As complex as being part of a management team. Possible Management Areas.

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Vets Working With Feeder Cattle Nutrition

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  1. Vets Working With Feeder Cattle Nutrition http://gpvec.unl.edu

  2. Simply Put …It is all up to you. • Involvement can be … • As simple as providing on call service … and gripping about the feeding management • As complex as being part of a management team

  3. Possible Management Areas • Health Maintenance Management • Medical Management • Treatment Protocols … Necropsy • Nutrition … Focus on newly received cattle • Data management & analysis • Environmental • Marketing … at least understand it! • Quality Assurance … training & monitoring

  4. Solving Problems On Feedyards Frequently Requires Working On …

  5. Vets … Work with MEDS Nuts … Work with RATS Vets have a symbiotic relationship with Nuts

  6. Acidosis … Laminitis Polio AIP Urinary Calculi Water Intox. Nutritional Diseases

  7. Environmental Mud 4” = -14% Cold >0º F = 15% Heat Decrease intake Antagonistic Feeds Negative disassociative factor Occurs when rat feedstuffs require different bugs. Nutrient Loss

  8. Rat Balancing • Resource Management (avail feedstuffs) • Inventory control … Assets … Equity • Aerobic stability … of starting rations • Equipment & People … Record Req. • Formulate ends – divide intermediates • Balance the big stuff • Tweak the little stuff • Get the drugs RIGHT … • QC test … (sample, freeze, test) • Monitor Intakes against projected intakes • Back calculate performance … AutoNRC

  9. Problem … Sick Weaned Feeder • 600 lb … Intake ~ 1.1 % BW (DMB) … intake = 6.6 lbs DM • Protein Requirement = 1.9 lbs CP • Receiving Ration = 13.2% CP … 600 x 2.5% BW = 15 lb x 13.2% = 2 lb CP • Soy Bean Meal (SBM) = 48% • How much SBM must be added to meet the sick calf’s requirements?

  10. Answer … Sick Weaned Feeder • Intake 6.6 lbs (DM) … Needs 1.9 lb CP • 1.9 / 6.6 = 28.8 % CP • R-Rat = 13.2 CP – 28.8 = 15.6 parts SBM • SBM = 48.0 CP – 28.8 = 19.2 parts R-Rat • Total … 34.8 parts • R-Rat = 55.2 % , SBM = 44.8 %

  11. MGA estrus control ADG + 10 % FE – 5 to 6 % +/- Carcass Quality Rumensin intake control ADG +/- 0 % FE – 7 to 10 % (roughage) +/- Carcass Quality Bovatec ADG +6 to 7 % FE – 7 to 10 % CTC & Aureo-S-700 - sickness ADG +20 %, FE – 15 % … all short term (28 days) Decrease sickness 10 to 35 Can feed 10mg/lb/d – 5 days WD = 10 days Tylan / OTC - Liver abscess A+ livers: ADG - 3 to 5 %, FE - 7 % Feed Additives … (all added on “air dry basis” ADB & No ELDU)

  12. Animal Medicinal Drug Use Clarification Act (AMDUCA) Scope • Applies only to approved animal & human drugs • Valid VCPR • Lay ELDU not allowed • Does not allow ELDU of feed additives

  13. AMDUCA’ Scope • ELDU permitted only when animal’s health is threatened or animal is suffering. • Therapeutic only. • No ELDU allowed for production purposes • Implants … reproductive … etc

  14. Feed Additives Legal Combinations

  15. Starting Cattle On Feed • Feed on DMB (~50 NEg) • 1 % BW + ½ % Hay • 1.5 % BW by 7 days … no hay • Increase 0.5% BW each 7 days • Never do 2 things at the same time • … ie, Change Rat & Change Delivery • Control aggression …hay or bunk deliveries • Sickness will dictate intake … deliveries

  16. Acidosis • Biochemical & physiological stresses caused by rapid & excessive production & absorption of organic acids & endotoxins when an animal over consumes a meal of readily fermentable carbohydrates, usually grains. • The severity of the acidosis insult determines the symptoms observed … subacute (ph <5.6) to  acute (ph <5.0)

  17. Typical pH – Feed Response

  18. Acute Visible Diet Transition Intake Regulation Forage = fill Grain = chem mech SDS, PEM, Liv Abs Wall damage Reduce absorb Reduce gain & FE Founder (previous >45) Subacute Difficult to observe Reduced intake Pen conditions Individual reduction masked by pen average Erratic feed intake patterns Intake  pH Acidosis Symptoms

  19. Subclinical Acidosis

  20. DMI – pH Response

  21. Reduced Intakes Cost IW = 700, OW = 1400, Feed = $100 (DMB), OH = $0.30/D

  22. Acidosis Factors • Grain Source & Processing • Rate & extent of ruminal digestion • Roughage Source & Processing • Additives (ionophore, buffer, etc) • Rat Step Up Management • Sudden Intake Change • Environmental Change

  23. Intake Prediction Is Everything • The best way to predict intake … • CONTROL IT ! … take charge of the bunk • Intake prediction equations …

  24. Bunk Management • Slick vs. Adlib … • Slick (clean) … clean up daily • Adlib … never let the bunk run out • Cattle are evening & dawn eaters • Deliveries … 60 : 40 • Once a day … feed in the evening

  25. Bunk Management • Bunk Space dictates frequency • (6 to 12”) … less space … more often • Moisture dictates frequency • Aerobic stability … fermented feeds sour • Retained Moist Feed = Mold

  26. Bunk Management • 4 “R”s … • Right Rat, Right Pen, Right Amt, Right Time • 3 “W”s of reading bunks … • What’s in the bunk • What’s do the cattle look like • What time is it … relative to last feeding & next scheduled feeding • Read & Record … Read & Record … Clock IT

  27. Water … • The most important nutrient … right? • Know what other nutrients are in the water … SO4 • Requirement … 8 to 10 % BW • 1000 critter needs + 10 gallons a day • UNLESS … its hot • Heat (>82º F) … double water need • Hide color affects water needs in the heat • RESERVE CAPACITY IS EVERYTHING • Days water needs in 2 hrs when it is hot • Measure when system is stressed (2 hrs post feeding)

  28. Implants … & humans No Withdrawal Time Required • Lets look at sources of estrogens …

  29. Implants

  30. Implants & Growth

  31. Implant Strategies • Start LOW => Finish HIGH • Re-implant during “Pay-Out Window” • Must be eating … • implants require fuel • Effects on tenderness … • YES (says CSU Research) • Effects on Reproduction … YES !!!

  32. Buller Syndrome … an enigma • *PHYTOESTROGEN (Plant ESTROGEN) • Also molds … including bunk molds • Not associated with DOF • Weather (Hot & Dry) … yes, but • Bunk Management … yes, but • Association with Implants “burst” • Peak release following implanting • Implant location (middle 1/3) … maybe • Crushed pellets … I doubt it.

  33. Sick signs • Depression • Fill: shape & texture • Loose feces • Stiffness • Nasal discharge & Watery eyes • Cough / breathing rate • Rectal Temperature ??? • Don’t let a thermometer do your thinkin’

  34. How Sick Cattle Eat • Pull any new calf that is slow to come to the bunkLook for sick cattle shortly after putting out feed.

  35. Sick: Intake vs. Temp

  36. Feeding Sick Calves • Get a good nutritionist • High quality feedstuffs • Formulate for low intakes • Bunk management • Intake is everything • I hate hay feeders

  37. What Make’s You Think You Are Qualified To Work With Nutrition? • Attended any seminars? • Special Training? • What do you bring to the table? • It just takes practice … • We’re good at that.

  38. http://gpvec.unl.edu

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