By: Bill Tummler

1. Plate Tectonics By: Bill Tummler

2. Alfred Wegener was the man who first thought of the theory of Tectonic Plates. When Alfred was in college he studied physics, astronomy, and meteorology at Humboldt University. Most of the people did not believe in this theory because they did not know what was below the surface. Over time people did start to believe him because there were no other theories at time. Founder of Plate Tectonics http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alfred_Wegener

3. What he thought happened that all the continents were once joined together as one big proto-continent. But there were a lot of people that thought that this theory was false. Theory of Pangaea-Question One • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

4. At first not all Scientists approved of Alfred Wegener’s theory because he did not have evidence to prove it. They thought that his theory was a myth and made up. THEORY OF PANGAEA-QUESTION TWO • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

5. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html • THEORY OF PANGAEA-QUESTION THREE Pangaea means all lands or one big land mass. The map below shows what Pangaea probably looked like and as time went on they started to separate. • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

6. THEORY OF PANGAEA-QUESTION FOUR There was also another theory being discussed during this time called the Contraction Theory which means that the earth was one a ball of lava and that the earth turned in on itself. The problem with this theory is that all of the mountain ranges should be the same age so the idea was dismissed. • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

7. THEORY OF PANGAEA-QUESTION FIVE When Alfred was in college he studied physics, astronomy, and meteorology at Humboldt University. All of these relate to his studies because he used these skills to find evidence and look why and how the continents may have moved. • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

8. THEORY OF PANGAEA-QUESTION SIX Arthur Holmes, Harry Hess, and R. Dietz helped a lot in the recognition of Wegener’s theory. These people’s ideas related to Wegener’s original findings by telling people how he thought the continents might of moved. • http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/geology/techist.html

9. Convergent Boundary is sometimes called a Destructive Plate Boundary is a region where two Techtronic Plates or little fragments of the lithosphere move towards each other and crash into each other. Convergent Boundary Question One • http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate2.htm

10. When Convergent Boundaries are hit by plates oceanic trenches from, volcanoes can form, mountains can form, earthquakes can happen and sometimes small islands can form by volcanoes or earthquakes. Convergent Boundary Question Two • http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate2.htm

11. An example of a Convergent Boundary is the Eurasian Plate and the Indian Plate that are currently expanding the Himalayan Mountains. Convergent Boundary Question Three • http://scign.jpl.nasa.gov/learn/plate2.htm

12. A Divergent Boundary is a boundary that is between two Tectonic Plates that will probably be moving away from each other when the plates shift or move. Divergent Boundary-Question One • http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/PlateTectonics/description_plate_tectonics.html

13. There are a few characteristics of a Divergent Boundary. The characteristics are earthquakes, Volcanoes, & Landslides/ Mudslides usually happen. Divergent Boundary-Question Two • http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/PlateTectonics/description_plate_tectonics.html

14. An example of a Divergent Boundary is the Pacific-Antarctic Boundary. It is a boundary that is located on the floor of the South Pacific Ocean separating the Antarctic Plate and the Pacific Plate. Divergent Boundary-Question Three • http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Glossary/PlateTectonics/description_plate_tectonics.html

15. A Transform Boundary issometimes called a Transform Fault is a boundary that runs along a tectonic plate. In the picture below is a example in how a Transform Boundary works between two Tectonic Plates. Transform Boundary-Question One • http://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtml

16. The hazards of a Transform Boundaries are earthquakes, volcanoes, landslides, and sometimes trenches. Transform Boundary-Question Two • http://geology.com/plate-tectonics.shtml

17. An example of a Transform Boundary is North America’s Queen Charlotte Fault. It is a active fault that is located between the North American Plate and the Pacific Plate. At this point is where a lot of earthquakes happen because the plates rub together all the time. Transform Boundary-Question Three • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queen_Charlotte_Fault

18. We live on the North American plate, and this plate when rubs together with other plates that is when Earthquakes happen, but they do not happen that often. Real World Connections- Question One http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey/gen/seismic/seismic/tabid/7892/Default.aspx

19. The plates that border the United States are the Pacific Plate and the Juan de Fuca Plate and when those plates rub together that is when Earthquakes happen. Real World Connections- Question Two http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey/gen/seismic/seismic/tabid/7892/Default.aspx

20. I think that we are in serious danger because the plates are usually rubbing together even harder then usual, and I think that mostly the east and west coast because that is where a lot of plates intersect with each other and that is usually where earthquakes happen. So, I think that the east and west coast are the most in danger. Real World Connections- Question Three http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey/html/geo_f03/tabid/8307/Default.aspx

21. I anticipate that there will be more earthquakes and volcanoes because it seems year after year the plates rub more hard and there is more and more destruction when they happen. Real World Connections- Question Four http://www.dnr.state.oh.us/geosurvey/html/geo_f03/tabid/8307/Default.aspx