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Understanding Equivalence Points in Titration Curves of Acid-Base Reactions

This section explores the equivalence points on the vertical portion of titration curves for strong acids and bases. It details the behavior of different acid-base combinations during neutralization reactions, noting that a strong acid with a strong base has an equivalence point at pH 7. In contrast, combinations of strong acids with weak bases and weak acids with strong bases result in equivalence points around pH 5.3 and pH 8.7, respectively. These differences arise from salt hydrolysis, affecting how H+ ions interact with water.

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Understanding Equivalence Points in Titration Curves of Acid-Base Reactions

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  1. Chapter 21 Section 2 Equivalence point- midpoint on vertical portion of a titration curve *when # of equiv of acid = # of equiv of base -page 617 and page 626

  2. -neutralization reaction of strong acid and strong base gives equiv point of pH = 7 -neutral. reaction of strong acid and weak base gives an equiv point of pH ≈ 5.3 -neutral. reaction of weak acid and strong base gives an equiv point of pH ≈ 8.7

  3. Differences are due to: salt hydrolysis- the cations and anions of the dissociated salt remove H+ ions from or donate H+ ions to water -usually strong acid-weak base or weak acid-strong base strong acid- 100% ionized in aqueous solution weak acid- partially ionized in aqueous solution

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