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EU politics

EU politics. Chapter 16 Understanding EU Policies. Plan. I. Introduction – Origins of EU policies II. Range and diversity III. EU policy involvement (Nature/Extent) IV. The Regulatory Emphasis V. Patchy and uncoordinated Nature of EU policies VI. CONCLUSION. I. INTRODUCTION.

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EU politics

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  1. EU politics Chapter 16 Understanding EU Policies

  2. Plan I. Introduction – Origins of EU policies II. Range and diversity III. EU policy involvement (Nature/Extent) IV. The Regulatory Emphasis V. Patchy and uncoordinated Nature of EU policies VI. CONCLUSION

  3. I. INTRODUCTION ORIGINS OF EU Policies 1. Changed mood after second World War 2. Pressures of interdependance Persuade European states to transfer policy responsabilities to a ‘higher’ level in order to keep the pace with the modern world

  4. Different Ways that responsabilities are transfered/to transfer Treaties 1. Treaty provision 2. Lack of treaty provision (art. 100 and 235 EEC treaty = 115 and 352 TFEU) 3. New machinery - CFSP

  5. Other factors 1. COMMISSION’s LEADERSHIP 2. PERCEPTIONS OF MEMBER STATES Advantages VS Disadvantages 3. INDIVIDUAL AND COLLECTIVE CAPACITIES TO TRANSLATE INTO PRACTICE EU initiatives VS National interests

  6. II. RANGE AND DIVERSITY OF EU POLICIES • Market • Economic (interventionnisme) • Non economic • Non-market

  7. III. EU Policy Involvement EXTENT EXTENSIVE INVOLVEMENT - SHARED / STILL SIGNIFICANT - LIMITED INVOLVEMENT Well established+ effective policy voluntaristic and persuasive instruments POLICIES RELY ON EU LAWSVSBASED ON FORMS OF INTERGOVERNMENTAL COOPERATION NATURE EXCEPTION= FOREIGN POLICY EXTENSIVE INVOLVEMENT BUT NO laws that could restrict

  8. IV. The Regulatory Emphasis Classic way to make distinction between policy types: Theodore Lowi’s theory • Regulatory policies • Redistributive policies • Distributive policies

  9. 1. EU regulatory policies = rules governing behaviour AREA internal market Extensive legislative framework + policies having important market implications (working conditions, consumers protection, etc.) • REASONS • demand and supply • - Demand for integrated market. • Suplly from Commission • expand Commission’s powers • less contentious • faill on national public or firms budget

  10. 2. EU redistributive policies = transfer financial resources from groups, regions or country to others AREA Cohesion funds and CAP Not such well developed than at national level • REASONS of poor development • Transfer of sovereignty judged • unnecessary • EU have modest funds to • redistribute because of tighter • attitudes to the EU budgetary • expenditure

  11. 3. EU distributive policies = allocations or financial resources between alternative users and are based on the ‘juste retour ’ AREA Research and technical development, education, etc. NOT well developed • REASONS of poor development • Seen as primarily national responsabilities • Not so really tied-in with the operation of the market • No subsequent economic • spillover

  12. V. Patchy and uncoordinated Nature of EU policies New title in the Lisbon Treaty: ‘Categories and areas of Union competence’ Grouped into 3 categories - Exclusive Union competence - Shared competence - Competence to carry out support, coordinate,… actions from member states National and political ≠ces >< shared principles – coherent policies – agreed objectives.  What is possible > what is desirable No DIRECTION from the CENTER / centre of power with overall view

  13. VI. CONCLUSION ENORMOUS EXPANSION in the EU policy portfolio Treaties NO MENTION IN/OUTSIDE until SEA DESPITE LARGE EXPANSION VARIABLE INVOLVEMENT Balance of policy control = EU VS NATIONAL LEVELS Policy based = LEGAL/EU LAWS VS COOPERATIVE INSTRUMENTS

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