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Super Computers

Personal. Super Computers. Chris Ward CS147 Fall 2008. Not just for the Big Boys. Recent offerings from NVIDA show that small companies or even individuals can now afford and own Super Computers. Just what is a “Super Computer”?. Super Computer.

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Super Computers

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  1. Personal Super Computers Chris Ward CS147 Fall 2008

  2. Not just for the Big Boys • Recent offerings from NVIDA show that small companies or even individuals can now afford and own Super Computers. • Just what is a “Super Computer”?

  3. Super Computer • “A supercomputer is a computer that is at the frontline of current processing capacity, particularly speed of calculation. “ –wikipedia • The term supercomputer itself is rather fluid, and today's supercomputer tends to become tomorrow's ordinary computer.

  4. How “Fast” is FAST • In computing, FLOPS (or flops or flop/s) is an acronym meaning FLoating point Operations Per Second • Today’s two fastest Super Computers operate at > 1 petaflop/s (represents one quadrillion floating point operations per second. )

  5. Super Performance Over Time

  6. Single vs Double Most applications use double precision math for the following reasons: • To minimize the accumulation of round-off error, • For ill-conditioned problems that require higher precision • The 8 bit exponent defined by the IEEE floating point standard for 32-bit arithmetic will not accommodate the calculation, or • There are critical sections in the code which require higher precision.

  7. Single vs Double cont. • Some of the latest GPUs and CPUs have LARGE differences in flops for single vs double precision • Researchers are recognizing this trend and re-examining their algorithms to take advantage of single precision whenever possible

  8. GPUs catching up to (and surpassing?) CPUs • GPU Graphics Processing Unit • CPU Central Processing unit

  9. NVIDIA 280 vs Intel dual core

  10. Buy a pre-built NVIDIA Tesla • Tesla S1070 Computer is a four-teraflop 1U system powered by the world’s first one-teraflop processor. • Each of the 4 cores contains 240 GPUs (960 total) • Single Precision floating point performance (peak) 3.73 to 4.14 Tflops • Double Precision floating point performance (peak) 311 to 345 Gflops • Starting at about $3,995 to ~ $10,000

  11. Or make your own with an NVIDIA Core • 1 Board= 240 Processing Cores • ~ 1 TFlop performance • 4GB GDDR3 RAM • PCI-Express 2.0, • Write your code in C and run in Windows or Linux • $1,699.99

  12. Your personal Super Computer won’t make the top 500, but it is equivalent to the top of the line in 2000 for less than $10,000

  13. References • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super_computer • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FLOPS • http://www.top500.org/list/2008/11/100 • http://www.top500.org/project/linpack • http://www.nvidia.com/object/personal_supercomputing.html • http://www.cgarena.com/forum/viewtopic.php?p=60618 • http://www.nvidia.com/object/product_tesla_s1070_us.html • http://www.hpcwire.com/features/17885244.html • http://www.tigerdirect.com/applications/SearchTools/item-details.asp?EdpNo=4259469&CatId=4044

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