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JUPITER

JUPITER. Largest Planet in the Solar System. JUPITER. Diameter : 142800 km Rotates once every 9.9 hours Revolves around the sun in 4332 days Distance: 778 million km. JUPITER. High wind speed and powerful Coriolis force Surface of Jupiter marked with light and dark bands and spots

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JUPITER

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  1. JUPITER Largest Planet in the Solar System

  2. JUPITER • Diameter : 142800 km • Rotates once every 9.9 hours • Revolves around the sun in 4332 days • Distance: 778 million km

  3. JUPITER • High wind speed and powerful Coriolis force • Surface of Jupiter marked with light and dark bands and spots • Various kinds of streaks, plumes, swirls, loops and irregular patches are also seen

  4. JUPITER • Zones • Light bands, white to pale yellow in color • Regions of rising gases • Belts • Dark bands in various shades of reddish brown • Regions of descending gases

  5. JUPITER • Coloration of the bands is due to the ammonium compounds and the organic and inorganic compounds present in the atmosphere • Atmosphere is composed mostly of hydrogen, helium, methane and ammonia

  6. JUPITER • Great Red Spot • Most prominent feature on the surface of Jupiter • 30000 km long, 12000 km wide and 8 to 10 km high • Located in the south tropical zone which is known as Jupiter’s “hurricane belt” • First seen 300 years ago • A huge and violent storm

  7. JUPITER'S MOONS • Jupiter has more than 60 moons in addition to a faint ring • Largest of the moons are • Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto • First observed by Galileo in 1610 • Similar in size and composition to the inner planets of the solar system

  8. JUPITER'S MOONS Ganymede • Largest of Jupiter’s moons • Second biggest satellite in the solar system

  9. JUPITER'S MOONS Callisto • Oldest of the moon due to its cratered surface

  10. JUPITER'S MOONS Europa • Rocky, but most of it is covered with frozen water

  11. JUPITER'S MOONS Io • Only body except earth known to have active volcanoes • Volcanic eruptions may be the source of fine particles of sodium, potassium, and sulfur that encircle Jupiter and form a very thin ring around it

  12. SATURN The Ringed Planet in the Solar System

  13. SATURN • Diameter : 120700 km • Rotates once every 10 hours and 40 minutes • Revolves around the sun in 29 years 5 months • Distance: 1427 million km

  14. SATURN • Gas giant like Jupiter • Seen as a pale yellow planet • Composed mostly of hydrogen and helium • Second largest planet • Least dense in the solar system • Rotates faster at the equator than at the poles

  15. SATURN • Has a turbulent atmosphere like Jupiter • White spots, smaller versions of Jupiter’s Great Red Spot, and bands of light and dark clouds are also seen on Saturn • Wind speeds on Saturn are 3 times stronger than those on Jupiter (about 1600 km/hr) or 10 times more than the wind speed of storms on Earth • Atmosphere is mostly hydrogen and helium

  16. SATURN'S RINGS • Seven major rings and several hundreds to over a thousand ringlets found within the major rings • Extends to over 25000 km • Rings of Saturn rotate separately • Between rings are zones or divisions seen as empty space

  17. SATURN'S RINGS The Cassini Division, originally thought to separate the A ring from the B ring is shown in Voyager’s photograph to contain at least 3 dozen ringlets

  18. SATURN'S RINGS • Ring particles are held in place by Saturn’s gravitational field and by its moons • Made of ice-coated rocks ranging from a few centimeters to several hundred meters in diameter

  19. SATURN'S MOONS • Has 30 known moons • Measure about 200 to 1500 km in diameter • Almost all are heavily cratered and nearly spherical • Composed mainly of dust and water ice, the same material found in comets

  20. SATURN'S MOONS Titan • Largest moon of both Saturn and the Solar System • Diameter of about 5140 km • Has an atmosphere thicker than that of the Earth • May also be the only other place in the solar system that has liquid on its surface

  21. SATURN'S MOONS Iapetus • Second largest moon of Saturn • Shows two faces, one side is 6 times brighter than the other side

  22. SATURN'S MOONS Mimas • Noted for its very big crater, about 130 km in diameter

  23. SATURN'S MOONS Tethys • Has a long, branching trench about 3 km deep and 65 km wide • Least dense among Saturn’s moons • Contains 80% or more water ice

  24. SATURN'S MOONS Enceladus • Only moon with no craters • Reflects nearly 100% of the light striking it making it the brightest

  25. SATURN'S MOONS Rhea • Most heavily cratered

  26. SATURN'S MOONS Phoebe • Small but it has an inclined orbit and retrograde orbital movements

  27. SATURN'S MOONS Dione • Cryovolcanic activity has wiped smaller craters

  28. URANUS The Tilted Planet

  29. URANUS • Diameter : 50800 km • Rotates once every 17 hours and 14 minutes • Revolves around the sun in 84 years • Distance: 2869 million km

  30. URANUS • Accidentally discovered by William Herschel in 1781 • He was examining a portion of the sky around a group of stars called Gemini when he noticed what seemed like a green star but larger.

  31. URANUS • Seen as a bluish-green planet with rings circling it • Rings are thinner and contain much less material than those of Saturn • Rings are darker and could have been made of materials from meteorites

  32. URANUS • Tipped at an angle of 98° to the plane of the planet’s orbit around the sun • Position makes its poles point almost directly towards the sun

  33. URANUS' MOONS • 27 moons • Move at nearly right angles to the planet’s orbit • Have retrograde rotation

  34. URANUS' MOONS Miranda • Craterless area and craters appear to be blanketed with dust or snow

  35. URANUS' MOONS Ariel • Impressive trough-like fractures

  36. URANUS' MOONS Umbriel • Much darker than Ariel and heavily cratered

  37. URANUS' MOONS Titania • Similar appearance to Ariel and more heavily cratered • Fault regions • No signs of lava flooding in the faults

  38. URANUS' MOONS Oberon • More like Umbriel but brighter

  39. NEPTUNE Uranus’ Twin

  40. NEPTUNE • Diameter : 49600 km • Revolves around the sun in 164 years • Distance: 4496 million km

  41. NEPTUNE • First detected by John Couch Adams in 1841 when his calculations demonstrated that unknown planets were pulling Uranus from its expected orbit • Urbain Le Verrier, French mathematician, calculated the position of this unknown planet in 1845 • In 1946, Johann Gottfried Gallefound the unknown planet

  42. NEPTUNE'S MOONS • 13 known moons

  43. NEPTUNE'S MOONS Proteus • Non-spherical, heavily cratered with one large impact crater

  44. NEPTUNE'S MOONS Triton • Inner satellite with a diameter of about 3700 km • Only large satellite in the solar system with a retrograde motion • Surface is an icy mixture of nitrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and methane

  45. NEPTUNE'S MOONS Nereid • Smaller than Triton • Elongated ellipse orbit

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