Fundamentals of Motion in 1-Dimensional Kinematics

1. Motion in One Dimension Kinematics

2. Dynamics vs. Kinematics • Dynamics – motion related to __________ • Kinematics – describes motion ______________ without regard to cause or force

3. x x = 0 Frame of Reference • Specify an ______ For 1-D motion the coordinate system is ______

4. Time and Space • Instant ≡ particular ______ in time • Interval ≡ ________ between two instants • Position ≡ particular ______ in space • Displacement ≡ __________ between two positions

5. Vectors vs. Scalars • Vectors – indicate magnitude and ______ • Boldfaced and/or vector sign Displacement Velocity Acceleration • Scalars – indicate __________ only Distance Speed Magnitude of acceleration

6. Displacement is a Vector Fig. 2.2, p. 25 For 1-D, vector nature is indicated by ______sign

7. Displacement • Change in _________ is called displacement The sign tells us if displacement is towards _______ or ________ values

8. Average Velocity • Displacement divided by _____ interval The ____ tells us if object is moving toward positive or negative values

9. Instantaneous Velocity • The average velocity when the time interval approaches _____ It is the ______ of the line of a position versus time graph

10. Instantaneous Velocity – Graphical Interpretation What is v at t = 4 s?

11. Average Acceleration • The change in velocity over a _______________

12. Instantaneous Acceleration • The average acceleration when the time interval approaches _____ It is the ______ of a velocity versus time graph

13. Signs of v and a

14. Graphical Interpretation Red Blue Green • Rank the velocities in decreasing order. • Find numerical values for the velocities. • Rank the speeds in decreasing order.

15. Graphical Interpretation (cont’d) Red Green • Are the velocities constant? • Which has the larger acceleration?

16. Types of Motion • Uniform Motion: v = ________, a = ______ • Nonuniform Motion • Uniform acceleration: a = _________ • Nonuniform acceleration: a is _____ constant