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Captivity, Return and Silent 400 Years Lesson 16

Captivity, Return and Silent 400 Years Lesson 16. History Review Historical Setting Ezra 7-10 A remnant preserved. History Review. Captivity of Israel in what year? 721 Captivity of Israel by which world empire? Assyrian Fall of Nineveh? 612BC Battle of Carchemish? 609BC

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Captivity, Return and Silent 400 Years Lesson 16

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  1. Captivity, Return andSilent 400 YearsLesson 16 History Review Historical Setting Ezra 7-10 A remnant preserved

  2. History Review • Captivity of Israel in what year? • 721 • Captivity of Israel by which world empire? • Assyrian • Fall of Nineveh? • 612BC • Battle of Carchemish? • 609BC • Nebuchadnezzar’s reign begins? • 605BC • First group goes into Babylonian captivity? • 605BC • Second group goes into captivity? • 597BC

  3. History Review • King of Judah when second group taken? • Jehoiachin • Fall of Jerusalem? • 586BC • Prophesied concerning 70 year captivity? • Jeremiah, Ezekiel and Daniel • Prophets during period of captivity? • Haggai & Zechariah • Ruler chosen to initiate return of Israel from captivity? • Cyrus • Cyrus conquers Babylon in what year? • 539BC

  4. History Review • First group returns to Judah in what year? • 536BC • Leader of first group to return? • Zerrubabel • Work restored on temple in what year? • 520BC • Temple completed in what year? • 516BC • Prophets who encouraged completion of temple? • Haggai and Zechariah • Persian queen deposed for refusal to appear before audience? • Vashti • Jewess who became Persian queen? • Esther

  5. Persian Empire Captivity

  6. Historical Setting • Darius I (also known as Darius the Great) ruled over Persian Empire from 521BC to 486BC • Xerxes, son of Darius I, reigned from 486BC to 465BC • Artaxerxes, son of Darius I, reigned from 465BC to 425BC • Ezra leads group back to Jerusalem in 458BC with focus on restoration of worship • Nehemiah leads group in 445BC to rebuild walls in Jerusalem • Last world empire ruler to reign during period of God’s revelation to prophets

  7. Ezra Chapter 1-6 Summary • Proclamation of Cyrus allowing return to Judah Chapter 1 • Return under guidance of Zerubbabel Chapter 2 • Sacrifices offered Chapter 3 • Foundation of temple laid Chapter 3 • Work on temple ceases Chapter 4 • Haggai and Zechariah encourage people to resume building Chapter 5 • Temple completed in 516BC Chapter 6

  8. Ezra Chapter 7 • Ezra, descendant of Aaron prepares to return Jerusalem 6 this Ezra went up from Babylon:and he was a ready scribe in the law of Moses, which Jehovah, the God of Israel, had given; and the king granted him all his request, according to the hand of Jehovah his God upon him.  7 And there went up some of the children of Israel, and of the priests, and the Levites, and the singers, and the porters, and the Nethinim, unto Jerusalem, in the seventh year of Artaxerxes the king.  8 And he came to Jerusalem in the fifth month, which was in the seventh year of the king.  9 For upon the first day of the first month began he to go up from Babylon; and on the first day of the fifth month came he to Jerusalem, according to the good hand of his God upon him.  10 For Ezra had set his heart to seek the law of Jehovah, and to do it, and to teach in Israel statutes and ordinances.

  9. Ezra Chapter 7 • Ezra, descendant of Aaron prepares to returns Jerusalem 11 Now this is the copy of the letter that the king Artaxerxes gave unto Ezra the priest, the scribe, even the scribe of the words of the commandments of Jehovah, and of his statutes to Israel:  12 Artaxerxes, king of kings, unto Ezra the priest, the scribe of the law of the God of heaven, perfect and so forth.  13 I make a decree, that all they of the people of Israel, and their priests and the Levites, in my realm, that are minded of their own free will to go to Jerusalem, go with thee.  14 Forasmuch as thou art sent of the king and his seven counsellors, to inquire concerning Judah and Jerusalem, according to the law of thy God which is in thy hand,  15 and to carry the silver and gold, which the king and his counsellors have freely offered unto the God of Israel, whose habitation is in Jerusalem,  16 and all the silver and gold that thou shalt find in all the province of Babylon, with the freewill-offering of the people, and of the priests, offering willingly for the house of their God which is in Jerusalem;  17 therefore thou shalt with all diligence buy with this money bullocks, rams, lambs, with their meal-offerings and their drink-offerings, and shalt offer them upon the altar of the house of your God which is in Jerusalem.

  10. Ezra Chapter 7 • Ezra, descendant of Aaron prepares to returns Jerusalem • 23 Whatsoever is commanded by the God of heaven, let it be done exactly for the house of the God of heaven; for why should there be wrath against the realm of the king and his sons? •  24 Also we certify you, that touching any of the priests and Levites, the singers, porters, Nethinim, or servants of this house of God, it shall not be lawful to impose tribute, custom, or toll, upon them. •  25 And thou, Ezra, after the wisdom of thy God that is in thy hand, appoint magistrates and judges, who may judge all the people that are beyond the River, all such as know the laws of thy God; and teach ye him that knoweth them not. •  26 And whosoever will not do the law of thy God, and the law of the king, let judgment be executed upon him with all diligence, whether it be unto death, or to banishment, or to confiscation of goods, or to imprisonment.

  11. Ezra Chapter 8 • Ezra returns to Jerusalem • Gathers the people for the return Ezra 8:1-14 • Assures inclusion of Levites Ezra 8:15-20 • Entreats God for save journey 21 Then I proclaimed a fast there, at the river Ahava, that we might humble ourselves before our God, to seek of him a straight way for us, and for our little ones, and for all our substance.  22 For I was ashamed to ask of the king a band of soldiers and horsemen to help us against the enemy in the way, because we had spoken unto the king, saying, The hand of our God is upon all them that seek him, for good; but his power and his wrath is against all them that forsake him.   23 So we fasted and besought our God for this: and he was entreated of us. • Sherebiah and Hashabiah given charge of the treasury Ezra 8:24-34

  12. Ezra Chapter 8 • Ezra returns to Jerusalem 35 The children of the captivity, that were come out of exile, offered burnt-offerings unto the God of Israel, twelve bullocks for all Israel, ninety and six rams, seventy and seven lambs, twelve he-goats for a sin-offering: all this was a burnt-offering unto Jehovah.

  13. Ezra Chapter 8 • Ezra returns to Jerusalem 35 The children of the captivity, that were come out of exile, offered burnt-offerings unto the God of Israel, twelve bullocks for all Israel, ninety and six rams, seventy and seven lambs, twelve he-goats for a sin-offering: all this was a burnt-offering unto Jehovah.

  14. Ezra Chapter 9 • Intermarriage with the people of the land 1 Now when these things were done, the princes drew near unto me, saying, The people of Israel, and the priests and the Levites, have not separated themselves from the peoples of the lands, doing according to their abominations, even of the Canaanites, the Hittites, the Perizzites, the Jebusites, the Ammonites, the Moabites, the Egyptians, and the Amorites.  2 For they have taken of their daughters for themselves and for their sons, so that the holy seed have mingled themselves with the peoples of the lands: yea, the hand of the princes and rulers hath been chief in this trespass.  3 And when I heard this thing, I rent my garment and my robe, and plucked off the hair of my head and of my beard, and sat down confounded.  4 Then were assembled unto me every one that trembled at the words of the God of Israel, because of the trespass of them of the captivity; and I sat confounded until the evening oblation.

  15. Ezra Chapter 9 • Intermarriage with the people of the land • 5 And at the evening oblation I arose up from my humiliation, even with my garment and my robe rent; and I fell upon my knees, and spread out my hands unto Jehovah my God; •  6 and I said, O my God, I am ashamed and blush to lift up my face to thee, my God; for our iniquities are increased over our head, and our guiltiness is grown up unto the heavens. •  7 Since the days of our fathers we have been exceeding guilty unto this day; and for our iniquities have we, our kings, and our priests, been delivered into the hand of the kings of the lands, to the sword, to captivity, and to plunder, and to confusion of face, as it is this day. •  8 And now for a little moment grace hath been showed from Jehovah our God, to leave us a remnant to escape, and to give us a nail in his holy place, that our God may lighten our eyes, and give us a little reviving in our bondage. •  9 For we are bondmen; yet our God hath not forsaken us in our bondage, but hath extended lovingkindness unto us in the sight of the kings of Persia, to give us a reviving, to set up the house of our God, and to repair the ruins thereof, and to give us a wall in Judah and in Jerusalem.

  16. Ezra Chapter 9 • Intermarriage with the people of the land • 10 And now, O our God, what shall we say after this? for we have forsaken thy commandments, •  11 which thou hast commanded by thy servants the prophets, saying, The land, unto which ye go to possess it, is an unclean land through the uncleanness of the peoples of the lands, through their abominations, which have filled it from one end to another with their filthiness: •  12 now therefore give not your daughters unto their sons, neither take their daughters unto your sons, nor seek their peace or their prosperity for ever; that ye may be strong, and eat the good of the land, and leave it for an inheritance to your children for ever. •  13 And after all that is come upon us for our evil deeds, and for our great guilt, seeing that thou our God hast punished us less than our iniquities deserve, and hast given us such a remnant, •  14 shall we again break thy commandments, and join in affinity with the peoples that do these abominations? wouldest not thou be angry with us till thou hadst consumed us, so that there should be no remnant, nor any to escape? •  15 O Jehovah, the God of Israel, thou art righteous; for we are left a remnant that is escaped, as it is this day: behold, we are before thee in our guiltiness; for none can stand before thee because of this.

  17. Ezra Chapter 10 • Intermarriage with the people of the land  1 Now while Ezra prayed and made confession, weeping and casting himself down before the house of God, there was gathered together unto him out of Israel a very great assembly of men and women and children; for the people wept very sore.  2 And Shecaniah the son of Jehiel, one of the sons of Elam, answered and said unto Ezra, We have trespassed against our God, and have married foreign women of the peoples of the land: yet now there is hope for Israel concerning this thing.  3 Now therefore let us make a covenant with our God to put away all the wives, and such as are born of them, according to the counsel of my lord, and of those that tremble at the commandment of our God; and let it be done according to the law.  4 Arise; for the matter belongeth unto thee, and we are with thee: be of good courage, and do it.

  18. Ezra Chapter 10 • Intermarriage with the people of the land •  5 Then arose Ezra, and made the chiefs of the priests, the Levites, and all Israel, to swear that they would do according to this word. So they sware. •  6 Then Ezra rose up from before the house of God, and went into the chamber of Jehohanan the son of Eliashib: and when he came thither, he did eat no bread, nor drink water; for he mourned because of the trespass of them of the captivity. •  7 And they made proclamation throughout Judah and Jerusalem unto all the children of the captivity, that they should gather themselves together unto Jerusalem; •  8 and that whosoever came not within three days, according to the counsel of the princes and the elders, all his substance should be forfeited, and himself separated from the assembly of the captivity.

  19. Ezra Chapter 10 • Intermarriage with the people of the land 9 Then all the men of Judah and Benjamin gathered themselves together unto Jerusalem within the three days; it was the ninth month, on the twentieth day of the month: and all the people sat in the broad place before the house of God, trembling because of this matter, and for the great rain.  10 And Ezra the priest stood up, and said unto them, Ye have trespassed, and have married foreign women, to increase the guilt of Israel.  11 Now therefore make confession unto Jehovah, the God of your fathers, and do his pleasure; and separate yourselves from the peoples of the land, and from the foreign women.  12 Then all the assembly answered and said with a loud voice, As thou hast said concerning us, so must we do.  13 But the people are many, and it is a time of much rain, and we are not able to stand without: neither is this a work of one day or two; for we have greatly transgressed in this matter.  14 Let now our princes be appointed for all the assembly, and let all them that are in our cities that have married foreign women come at appointed times, and with them the elders of every city, and the judges thereof, until the fierce wrath of our God be turned from us, until this matter be despatched.

  20. Ezra Chapter 10 • Intermarriage with the people of the land 16 And the children of the captivity did so. And Ezra the priest, with certain heads of fathers' houses, after their fathers' houses, and all of them by their names, were set apart; and they sat down in the first day of the tenth month to examine the matter.  17 And they made an end with all the men that had married foreign women by the first day of the first month.

  21. A Remnant Preserved • A remnant to return Eze 11:13-21 13 And it came to pass, when I prophesied, that Pelatiah the son of Benaiah died. Then fell I down upon my face, and cried with a loud voice, and said, Ah Lord Jehovah! wilt thou make a full end of the remnant of Israel?  14 And the word of Jehovah came unto me, saying,  17 Therefore say, Thus saith the Lord Jehovah: I will gather you from the peoples, and assemble you out of the countries where ye have been scattered, and I will give you the land of Israel.  18 And they shall come thither, and they shall take away all the detestable things thereof and all the abominations thereof from thence.  19 And I will give them one heart, and I will put a new spirit within you; and I will take the stony heart out of their flesh, and will give them a heart of flesh;  20 that they may walk in my statutes, and keep mine ordinances, and do them: and they shall be my people, and I will be their God.  21 But as for them whose heart walketh after the heart of their detestable things and their abominations, I will bring their way upon their own heads, saith the Lord Jehovah.

  22. A Remnant Preserved • A remnant left Eze 6:8 8 Yet will I leave a remnant, in that ye shall have some that escape the sword among the nations, when ye shall be scattered through the countries. • A remnant left Neh 1:3 3 And they said unto me, The remnant that are left of the captivity there in the province are in great affliction and reproach: the wall of Jerusalem also is broken down, and the gates thereof are burned with fire.

  23. A Remnant Preserved • Seed promise required preservation of a remnant • Gen 12:3; Gen 49:12; II Sam 7:11-15; Matthew 1:1-16; Gal 3:26-27 • Isa 10:20-22 & Isa 1:9 applied in Rom 9:27-29 • Prophesied • Joel 2:32 applied in Acts 2:16-21 • Isa 11:11 • Micah 2:12 • Micah 4:1-8 “But in the latter days…I will make that which was lame a remnant” • Micah 5:8 “And the remnant of Jacob shall be among the people” • Micah 7:18:20 • Church …after 400 years of silence …in the fullness of time Gal 4:4

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