1. Juvenile Justice Funding in Washington State Minnesota Juvenile Justice Forum June 19, 2008 Elizabeth K. Drake Washington State Institute for Public Policy www.wsipp.wa.gov ekdrake@wsipp.wa.gov 360.586.2767

2. Washington State Institute for Public Policy • Created in 1983 by the state Legislature • Mission: Carry out non-partisan research on projects assigned either by the legislature or the Institute’s Board of Directors. • 8 legislators • 4 higher education provosts or presidents • 4 state agency directors 1 of 14

3. Other Funds Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ Overview CJAA $ Presentation Outline • Discuss funding of Washington State’s juvenile justice system. 2 of 14

4. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned Overview CJAA $ Juvenile Justice System in WA • Determinate sentencing since 1977. • Current offense • Criminal history • Decentralized system • County - juvenile court, detention, probation • State - juvenile correctional institutions, parole; distributes state funds to counties (Juvenile Rehabilitation Administration, JRA) 3 of 14

5. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned Overview CJAA $ Two Types of Funding • Consolidated Juvenile Services (CJS) • Block grant initiated in 1981 to assist counties in developing programs based on local priorities. • Counties apply for funding and must include a plan of services. • Evidence-based initiative funding • Several evidence-based funding sources. • Programs cost-effectively reduce recidivism. 4 of 14

6. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Initiative • Began in 1995 after outcome evaluation results of intensive supervision program are not good. • Community Juvenile Accountability Act (CJAA) was passed in 1997. • Goal: Reduce crime, cost-effectively, by establishing “research-based” programs in the juvenile court. 5 of 14

7. EPB Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview CJAA • A CJAA committee was established. • Representatives include WA Association of Juvenile Court Administrators, JRA, and the Institute. • Institute conducted a meta-analysis to identify programs that reduce recidivism. 6 of 14

8. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview CJAA • Four CJAA programs were selected. • Functional Family Therapy (FFT) • Aggression Replacement Training (ART) • Coordination of Services (COS) • Multi-Systemic Therapy (MST) • JRA oversees the funds for CJAA programs. • Counties submit proposals and are awarded money through a grant process. 7 of 14

9. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Public Policy Options to Reduce Future Prison Construction (2006). • Evidence-based program (EBP). • Institute was directed to: • Determine the net fiscal savings of implementing evidence-based programs. • Project the fiscal impacts under alternative scenarios. 8 of 14

10. EPB Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Institute Findings • Many juvenile justice options produce favorable long-run economic returns. • Ability to reduce need for up to two prisons if an aggressive portfolio of evidence-based options were implemented. What happened next?.... 9 of 14

11. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Expansion Funds • In 2007, the Legislature expanded funding for evidence-based programs by $26.2 million. • Investment includes adult and juvenile justice programs and early learning. • $8.3 million were for juvenile programs. • One future prison was eliminated from agenda. 10 of 14

12. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Evidence-Based Expansion Funds • Juvenile justice programs include: • Aggression Replacement Training • Coordination of Services • Drug courts • Family Integrated Transitions • Functional Family Therapy • Multidimensional Treatment Foster Care • Multi-systemic Therapy • Victim offender mediation for low-risk youth 11 of 14

13. EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Lessons Learned CJAA $ Overview Where are we now? • JRA is responsible for administering expansion funds to counties through a grant application process. • Beginning to track implementation of the agencies, including JRA and the juvenile courts, to determine the State’s progress. 12 of 14

14. Other Funds Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ CJAA $ Overview Reinvesting in Youth (RIY) • In 2006, the Institute conducted a meta-analysis to determine what works in juvenile justice. • Counties (5) are reimbursed for the following evidence-based programs: ART, FFT, and MST. • Funds administered by JRA through a grant application process (FY 07-09: $1.4 million). • State pays 69 percent with county match at 31 percent. 13 of 14

15. Lessons Learned EBP Expansion $ Other Funds Overview CJAA $ • The market of qualified treatment providers varies with the geography of the state. • Evidence-based initiatives can be expensive up-front, but they produce favorable long-run economic returns. • Motivated leaders who believe in evidence-based options. 14 of 14

16. Thank you!