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Drug Investigation

Drug Investigation. Specifically 9 th Grade . High School Health Lesson By: Jen Beckett. Cocaine. Molecule of Cocaine. Scientific Name: benzoylmethylecgonine Scientific Chemical Configuration: C 17 H 21 N O 4 Street Names: Coke, Snow, Crack, Rock, Blow, Flake, “C”.

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Drug Investigation

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  1. Drug Investigation Specifically 9th Grade High School Health Lesson By: Jen Beckett

  2. Cocaine Molecule of Cocaine • Scientific Name: • benzoylmethylecgonine • Scientific Chemical Configuration: • C17H21NO4 • Street Names: • Coke, Snow, Crack, Rock, Blow, Flake, “C”

  3. 2 Forms of Cocaine • Water-soluble hydrochloride salt • the hydro­chloride salt, or powdered form of cocaine, can be injected or snorted. • Water-insoluble cocaine base (or freebase) • Base form of cocaine processed with ammonia or sodium bicarbonate (baking soda) and water • Heated to remove the hydrochloride to produce a smoke able substance

  4. 2 Forms of Cocaine Continued: Water-soluble hydrochloride salt Water Insoluble Base

  5. 2 Forms of Cocaine Continued: • Water-insoluble cocaine base • Known as Crack • Name came from the crackling sound when heated • Crack = Cocaine without hydrochloride

  6. Methods of Use • Snorting = process of inhaling cocaine powder through the nose. • Injecting = use of a needle to insert the drug directly into the bloodstream • Smoking = inhaling cocaine vapor or smoke into the lungs

  7. Methods of Use Continued: • Fastest methods for absorption: Injection and Smoking

  8. What is Cocaine? • Powerfully addictive stimulant drug of CNS • Prevents Dopamine from being recycled • Results in excessive amounts Dopamine • Appetite suppressant • Topical anesthetic.

  9. How Cocaine Works

  10. Schedule Rating of Drug • Schedule II drug • Defined as: • High potential for abuse • Currently accepted medical use • May lead to severe psychological or physical dependence.

  11. Acute Effects of Drug Use • itching, • tachycardia, • excessive beats per minute while resting • hallucinations • paranoid delusions Tachycardia is very dangerous and can lead to heart attack and stroke!

  12. Chronic Effects of Drug Use Effects all parts of the body!!!

  13. Addiction Effects • Physiological damage • Lethargy • Psychosis = loss of touch with reality • Depression • Akathisia • Syndrome: unpleasant sensations of inner restlessness

  14. Physiological Effects

  15. History • Coca Plant found in Peru and Bolivia • 1990s Columbia world known for coca plants • Popularized in 1980s and 1990s in US • Purified cocaine was the main active ingredient in most of the tonics and elixirs • Developed to treat a wide variety of illnesses.

  16. Ancient History • Peruvian Mummies found with Coca leaves and pottery depicted using coca plants • Spanish arrived in South America they taxed 10% on coca plants because of the effects • In 1569, NicolásMonardes described the practice to induce "great contentment"

  17. How Long the Effects Last? • Snorting cocaine • lasts 15 to 30 minutes • Injection and smoking • lasts only 5 to 10 minutes • Have to consume more

  18. Legal Use of Cocaine • Local anesthesia for some eye, ear, and throat surgeries. • Must be prescribed by a doctor. • Under the supervision of a doctor

  19. Dependency vs. Physical Harm • Top 20 recreational drugs • Cocaine ranks second in dependence and physical harm

  20. What is Speedball? • Term defined as combination of Cocaine with Heroin • Effects are increased • Chance of overdosing is great

  21. Use of Cocaine by Students 2008 Monitoring the Future Survey

  22. Crack Cocaine Use by Students 2009 Monitoring the Future Survey

  23. Treatment Options • Pharmacological Option = • Not an option, but trying to develop • Behavioral Options

  24. Treatment: Behavioral Options • Cognitive-Behavioral Approach • Community Based Recovery Groups • An Individual Drug Counseling Approach • Residential Programs • Motivational incentives

  25. Cognitive-Behavioral Approach • three key aspects in treatment • recognize, avoid, and cope • recognize the situations of use cocaine • avoid these situations • cope more effectively with a problems and understand the behaviors with drug abuse.

  26. Community-Based Recovery Group • AA for Cocaine addicts • 12 step program • Effective because of support from others going through the same issue.

  27. An Individual Drug Counseling Approach • Person meets with counselor alone • Counselor/patient sets goals and mean of reaching the goals. • Counselor provides appropriate methods for dealing with issues that arise

  28. Residential Programs • Either 6 months or a full year program • Focuses on a successful transition back into society • Local Facility is Seabrook House

  29. Seabrook House • Located in Bridgeton, New Jersey • VISIT The Seabrook House’s Website • Seabrook House’s Model

  30. Motivational Incentives • A person is rewarded for drug-free urine test • Helps patients become abstinent from Cocaine • Rewards promote healthy living • gift card for dinner at a restaurant or tickets for a movie.

  31. References • http://www.nida.nih.gov/PDF/RRCocaine.pdf • http://www.justice.gov/dea/concern/cocaine.html • http://www.nida.nih.gov/infofacts/cocaine.html • http://www.deadiversion.usdoj.gov/drugs_concern/cocaine/cocaine.htm • http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cocaine

  32. The End!! Have a great day!!!!!!

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