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“FOR MEN ONLY” Retreat Prostate Health

“FOR MEN ONLY” Retreat Prostate Health. “ FOR MEN ONLY” Retreat. Southwest Oncology SWOG. NBLIC II. The Prostate ?. Gland in the male reproductive system Makes some of the fluid secreted in semen Located below the bladder and in front of the rectum

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“FOR MEN ONLY” Retreat Prostate Health

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  1. “FOR MEN ONLY”RetreatProstate Health

  2. “FOR MEN ONLY”Retreat Southwest Oncology SWOG NBLIC II

  3. The Prostate ? • Gland in the male reproductive system • Makes some of the fluid secreted in semen • Located below the bladder and in front of the rectum • Surrounds the upper part of the urethra (tube that empties urine from the bladder)

  4. The Prostate

  5. Benign Prostate Hyperplasia • BPH is an enlargement of the prostate gland. • After age 50, most men develop enlarged prostates • In some men, BPH can lead to serious problems, including urinary tract infections, a sudden inability to pass urine (acute urinary retention), as well as the need for surgery.

  6. Affects 5.6 million men Can affect quality of life Degree of bother Interference w/daily living Degree of Worry General psychological well-being Can be progressive Symptomatic BPH

  7. BPH

  8. Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaSigns & Symptoms • Poor Stream • Nocturia • Incomplete Bladder Emptying • Hesitancy • Urgency • Post-void Dribbling

  9. BPH Diagnosis • History and symptom score • Physical exam • Digital Rectal Exam (DRE) • Neurological evaluation • Urinalysis • Creatinine • PSA (when appropriate)

  10. Benign Prostatic HyperplasiaTreatment • Program of monitoring or "Watchful Waiting" • Medication • Surgery (Which procedure is best depends on your symptoms and medical condition.

  11. Prostate Cancer • Prostate cancer is the leading cancer diagnosed among men in the United States (excluding skin malignancies). • Second leading cause of male cancer-related deaths • Mortality rates for prostate cancer are much lower than the incidence rates, because survival for men with this cancer is generally quite high.

  12. Prostate Cancer in 2002USA • Incidence: 189,000 • Mortality: 30,200 • 2001Black Men • Diagnosis 25,300 • Deaths 6,100

  13. PROSTATE CANCER • African American men are twice as likely to die from prostate cancer • Black men have about a 60% higher incidence rate of prostate cancer than white men

  14. Prostate CancerRisk Factors • Age – more than 75% of cases are diagnosed in men over age 65 • Family History • Race – African American men have the highest incidence of prostate cancer • High Fat Diet • Environmental Carcinogens

  15. Prostate CancerSigns & Symptoms • Early – No Symptoms • Progressive – Symptoms are same as BPH • Warning Signs: -frequent urination, especially at night - burning with urination - persistent pain in back, hip, pelvis, or thighs - hematuria (blood in the urine) - change in urination patterns lasting 2 weeks

  16. ANY UROLOGIC SYMPTOM SHOULD BE EVALUATED BY A PHYSICIAN

  17. Prostate CancerEarly Detection • Our best defense • The earlier prostate cancer is detected, the better the chance of effective treatment • Long term survival is good for cancer confined to the prostate • Once the tumor has spread outside of the prostate gland, it is much more difficult to treat

  18. Prostate Cancer Early Detection • Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA) • Digital Rectal Exam

  19. PSA • Elevated PSA does not always mean that cancer is present – It serves as a “red flag” • Other conditions associated with an elevated PSA: - BPH (benign enlargement of prostate) - UTI (urinary tract infection) - Prostatitis (infection/inflammation of prostate)

  20. Recommendations for Prostate Screening • Annual PSA and DRE for men >50 • Begin at age 40 for high-risk populations (strong family history or African American) • PSA elevations caused by inflammation sometimes can be restored to normal with antibiotics (25%) • Persistent PSA >2.5ng/ml has >20% chance of being cancerous

  21. Prostate Biopsy May Be Required To Evaluate An Abnormal DRE or Elevated PSA

  22. Prostate CancerProstate Biopsy • Small samples of prostate tissue are removed and examined under the microscope • Usually done in physician’s office • Needle biopsies are guided by transrectal ultrasound

  23. Prostate CancerProstate Biopsy • Takes less than 30 minutes • Minimal discomfort • Biopsies can miss cancers; therefore, follow-up biopsies may be necessary • Precancerous changes (prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia) have a 50% chance of prostate cancer and require follow-up biopsies

  24. Prostate CancerTreatment • General Health of the Individual • Stage and Grade of the Disease • Expected Lifespan • Anticipated Effects of Treatment • Patient and Family Preferences

  25. Prostate Cancer Treatment Options • Watchful Waiting • Surgery • Radiation Therapy • Hormone Therapy • Chemotherapy

  26. “FOR MEN ONLY” • Life expectancy for men 73 years (6 years less than women • Men see physicians 28% less often than women • 33% of men have no regular doctor (19% of women)

  27. “The best protection is early detection”&We are our brother’s keeper

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