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Understanding MLA Citation: Importance, Documentation, and Works Cited Guidelines

Proper citation in academic writing is crucial for several reasons: it provides a clear trail of sources for readers, promotes ethical responsibility, and ensures academic consistency. Key elements to document include direct quotes, paraphrases, and specific ideas from authors. Common knowledge and proverbs do not require citation. Parenthetical citations follow specific formats for books, web articles, and sources without an identified author. A Works Cited list is essential for documenting referenced works, organized alphabetically by the author's last name, and using hanging indents.

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Understanding MLA Citation: Importance, Documentation, and Works Cited Guidelines

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Presentation Transcript

  1. MLA Citation Internal Documentation and Works Cited

  2. Why do we cite sources? • To leave a trail of clues for interested readers • To promote ethical responsibility • Maintain academic consistency within a discipline

  3. What needs to be documented? • Direct quotes, both entire sentences and phrases • Paraphrases (rephrased or summarized material) • Words specific or unique to the author’s research, theories, or ideas • Use of an author’s argument or line of thinking • Historical, statistical, or scientific facts • Articles or studies you refer to within your text.

  4. What shouldn’t be documented? • Proverbs, axioms, and sayings • Well-known quotations • Common knowledge

  5. How to use parenthetical citation Book source In parenthesis, include the author’s last name and the page number Example (Eagleton 59)

  6. Web article Author’s last name Example (Jex)

  7. Web page Author’s last name Example (Jones)

  8. Web or article with no author Use the title of the article instead Example (“Digging Inside Literary Theory”)

  9. What is a Works Cited List? • Like a bibliography • Only includes sources cited (documented) in your paper • Alphabetized by author’s last name • Begins on a new sheet of paper at the end of your paper • Utilizes hanging indentions

  10. Book source Eagleton, Terry. Literary Theory: An Introduction. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 1983. Print.

  11. Online article Jex, Shaun Michael. “Skip and Jump and Dance and Sing: Ugly Thoughts for an Ugly Time.” Suite101.com 21 Dec. 2001: n. pag. Web. 23 Sep 2009. Lubell, Sam. “Of the Sea and Air and Sky.” New York Times. New York Times, 26 Nov. 2008. Web. 1 Dec. 2008.

  12. Online database (i.e. Gale) Berger, James D. and Helmut J. Schmidt. “Regulation of Macronuclear DNA Content in Paramecium Tetraurelia.” The Journal of Cell Biology 76.1 (1978): 166-126. JSTOR. Web. 20 Nov. 2008.

  13. Webpage Eakins, Lara E. “Henry VIII: King of England.” Tudor History. 07 Sep. 2007. Web. 24 Sep. 2009.

  14. Web with no author “King Henry VIII.” King Henry VIII: Biography, Portraits, Primary Sources. Web. 24 Sep. 2009.

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