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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Respiratory System

This chapter explores the intricate components of the respiratory system, including the nose, nasal cavity, pharynx, and larynx. Key features such as nostrils with hair for debris trapping, the respiratory mucosa that moistens and filters air, and paranasal sinuses that produce mucus are discussed. It highlights the role of the trachea in airflow and mucus clearance, emphasizing structures like the epiglottis and vocal folds in sound production. Understanding these elements is essential for recognizing how the respiratory system safeguards and facilitates breathing.

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Understanding the Anatomy and Function of the Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System Chapter 13 Page 404 – 407

  2. Nose • Nostrils • contains hairs that trap large debris http://www.thedailyblarg.com/wp-content/uploads/2011/05/nose-picture.jpg

  3. Nasal Cavity • Respiratory Mucosa • secretes mucus which moistens air and trap bacteria • rich in thin-walled veins which warms air

  4. Nasal Cavity • Conchae • Increases the surface area of the mucosa exposed to the air • creates turbulence for particles to get trapped in the mucosa http://img.tfd.com/dorland/thumbs/concha_nasi-inferior.jpg

  5. Nasal Cavity • Paranasal sinuses • produces mucus that drains into the nasal cavity http://img.webmd.com/dtmcms/live/webmd/consumer_assets/site_images/articles/image_article_collections/anatomy_pages/SINUS2.jpg

  6. Nasal Cavity • Nasolacrimal ducts • drain tears into nasal cavity http://www.oculuscosmetic.com/images/lacrimal.jpg

  7. Pharynx • mucus reaching this area gets swallowed and digested • Nasopharynx (pharyngeal tonsils - adenoids) • Oropharyx ( palatine tonsils) • laryngopharyx (lingual tonsils) http://www.mayoclinic.com/images/image_popup/c7_nasopharynx.jpg

  8. Larynx (Voice Box) • Epiglottis • diverting food into the esophagus • Thyroid cartilage • Adam’s apple http://www.biologycorner.com/anatomy/respiratory/Larynx%20front.jpg

  9. Larynx (Voice Box) • Vocal folds (True vocal cords) • vibrate when air passes through • responsible for the sound of out voice http://www.mayoclinic.org/images/vocalbreathing-enlg.jpg http://www.bbivar.com/vidimg/vocal_cord_dysfunction.jpg

  10. Trachea (Windpipe) • Goes down until midchest area (5th thoracic vertebra) • Composed of hyline cartilage (C – shaped rings) • expands when swallowing large piece of food • keeps trachea open • Lined with ciliated mucosa • Propels mucus, loaded with dust particles and other debris away from lungs

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