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Jaringan Komputer Dasar

Jaringan Komputer Dasar. Network Layer dan IP (2). Aurelio Rahmadian. Objektif. Pengalamatan Network Address Kalkulasi Address. Pengalamatan. The allocation of addresses inside the networks should be planned and documented for the purpose of: Preventing duplication of addresses

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Jaringan Komputer Dasar

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  1. JaringanKomputerDasar Network Layer dan IP (2) Aurelio Rahmadian

  2. Objektif • Pengalamatan • Network Address • Kalkulasi Address

  3. Pengalamatan • The allocation of addresses inside the networks should be planned and documented for the purpose of: • Preventing duplication of addresses • Providing and controlling access • Monitoring security and performance

  4. Pengalamatan

  5. Pengalamatan

  6. Pengalamatan

  7. Pengalamatan • Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) (http://www.iana.net)

  8. Pengalamatan

  9. Pengalamatan • Tier 1 • These ISPs are large national or international ISPs that are directly connected to the Internet backbone. • The customers of Tier 1 ISPs are either lower-tiered ISPs or large companies and organizations. Because they are at the top of Internet connectivity, they engineer highly reliable connections and services. • The primary advantages for customers of Tier 1 ISPs are reliability and speed. Because these customers are only one connection away from the Internet, there are fewer opportunities for failures or traffic bottlenecks. The drawback for Tier 1 ISP customers is its high cost.

  10. Pengalamatan • Tier 2 • Tier 2 ISPs acquire their Internet service from Tier 1 ISPs. Tier 2 ISPs generally focus on business customers. • Tier 2 ISPs usually offer more services than the other two tiers of ISPs. These tier 2 ISPs tend to have the IT resources to operate their own services such as DNS, e-mail servers, and web servers. Other services that Tier 2 ISPs may offer include website development and maintenance, e-commerce/e-business, and VoIP. • The primary disadvantage of Tier 2 ISPs, as compared to Tier 1 ISPs, is slower Internet access. Because Tier 2 ISPs are at least one more connection away from the Internet backbone, they also tend to have lower reliability than Tier 1 ISPs.

  11. Pengalamatan • Tier 3 • Tier 3 ISPs purchase their Internet service from Tier 2 ISPs. The focus of these ISPs is the retail and home markets in a specific locale. • Tier 3 customers typically do not need many of the services required by Tier 2 customers. Their primary need is connectivity and support. • These customers often have little or no computer or network expertise. Tier 3 ISPs often bundle Internet connectivity as a part of network and computer service contracts for their customers. • While they may have reduced bandwidth and less reliability than Tier 1 and Tier 2 providers, they are often good choices for small to medium size companies.

  12. Network Address

  13. Network Address • Subnet mask pattern: • 00000000 = 0 • 10000000 = 128 • 11000000 = 192 • 11100000 = 224 • 11110000 = 240 • 11111000 = 248 • 11111100 = 252 • 11111110 = 254 • 11111111 = 255

  14. Network Address • AND-ing host address with its subnet mask • 1 AND 1 = 1 • 1 AND 0 = 0 • 0 AND 1 = 0 • 0 AND 0 = 0

  15. Network Address

  16. Network Address

  17. Kalkulasi Address

  18. Kalkulasi Address

  19. Kalkulasi Address

  20. Kalkulasi Address

  21. Kalkulasi Address 5 15 10

  22. Kalkulasi Address • Divisi Host A 10 B 2 C 5 D 2 E 15 • IP address192.168.10.0 /24 • Host Terbanyak E: 15 • Setiap subnet harus mampu menampung 32 host (/27) • Divisi Network Broadcast A 192.168.10.0 192.168.10.31 B 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.63 C 192.168.10.64 192.168.10.95 D 192.168.10.96 192.168.10.127 E 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.159 Unused 192.168.10.160 192.168.10.191 Unused 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.223 Unused 192.168.10.224 192.168.10.255

  23. Kalkulasi Address • A Variable Length Subnet Mask (VLSM) is a means of allocating IP addressing resources to subnets according to their individual need rather than some general network-wide rule.

  24. Kalkulasi Address 5 15 10

  25. Kalkulasi Address • Divisi Host E 15 A 10 C 5 B 2 D 2 • IP address 192.168.10.0 /24 • Divisi Network Broadcast E 192.168.10.0 /27 192.168.10.31 A 192.168.10.32 /28 192.168.10.47 C 192.168.10.48 /29 192.168.10.55 B 192.168.10.56 /30 192.168.10.59 D 192.168.10.60 /30 192.168.10.63 • Unused 192.168.10.64 - 192.168.10.255

  26. Kalkulasi Address

  27. Kalkulasi Address • Divisi Host IP address: 172.16.10.0 /16 H 1021 C 512 E 321 A 300 I 60 B 2 D 2 F 2 G 2 • Divisi Network Broadcast H 172.16.10.0 /22 172.16.13.255 C 172.16.14.0 /22 172.16.17.255 E 172.16.18.0 /23 172.16.19.255 A 172.16.20.0 /23 172.16.21.255 I 172.16.22.0 /26 172.16.22.63 B 172.16.22.64 /30 172.16.22.67 D 172.16.22.68 /30 172.16.22.71 F 172.16.22.72 /30 172.16.22.75 G 172.16.22.76 /30 172.16.22.79 • Unused 172.16.22.80 - 172.16.255.255

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