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Respiratory System

This informative video explores the differences between healthy lungs and the lungs of smokers, highlighting the structure and function of the respiratory system. Viewers will learn about the upper and lower respiratory tract components, including the nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx, bronchi, and alveoli. The video includes animations and diagrams to aid understanding, as well as insights into how various structures like the diaphragm and epiglottis contribute to respiration. Understanding these differences can promote awareness about lung health and the impacts of smoking.

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Respiratory System

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  1. Respiratory System

  2. Healthy Lung Vs. Smokers Lung • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yskYG-EVlBY • https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yIURbmJZxIg

  3. Upper Respiratory system • Internal Nares- Allows air to enter the nose and pass through into the nasal cavity

  4. Upper Respiratory System • Nasopharynx- upper most part of the pharynx; passage way for air

  5. Upper Respiratory System • Eustachian Tubes- links pharynx to middle ear; pressure equalization, mucus drainage

  6. Upper respiratory system • Hard Palate- roof of the mouth; speech production

  7. Upper Respiratory System • Soft Palate- does not contain bone • located at the back of the mouth • speech production, separates nasal cavity and oral cavity when swallowing

  8. Upper Respiratory System • Palatine Tonsil- left and right side of the back of the throat; provides defense against pathogens

  9. Upper respiratory system • Oropharynx- below soft palate and below epiglottis; passage way for air and food

  10. Upper Respiratory system • Epiglottis- flap structure that allows air to enter the trachea

  11. Upper Respiratory System • Glottis- slit of the epiglottis, space between vocal chords; adds buzzing quality to speech Glottis

  12. Upper respiratory system • Vocal Folds • Production of sounds used for speech • Regulate flow of air into lungs

  13. Upper respiratory system • Laryngopharynx- lower part of pharynx; passage of air and food

  14. Upper respiratory system • Trachea- ciliated mucus membrane; filters air and traps particles

  15. Upper respiratory system • Nasal Conchae • Increase Surface area for filtration of air • Warms and moistens air

  16. Upper respiratory system • Nasal Vestibule • Beginning of nasal passage • Hair helps to capture large particles

  17. Upper respiratory system • Oral Cavity- mouth • Lining of the mouth and saliva glands aid provide lubrication • Aids in speech, swallowing, and digestion of food

  18. Upper respiratory system • Tongue- aids in speech and in swallowing to cover up epiglottis when you swallow

  19. Upper respiratory system • Thyroid Cartilage- Adam’s Apple • Protection and support for the vocal folds

  20. Upper respiratory System • Cricoid Cartilage • Connection for ligaments, cartilage, and muscles • Facilitates opening and shutting of air passage • Production of sound

  21. Lower respiratory system • Larynx • Between the pharynx and trachea • Houses the vocal folds • A passageway for air moving in and out of the trachea

  22. Lower respiratory system • Parietal Pleura • Lines the inner wall of the chest • Covers the diaphragm • Lubrication- serous fluid

  23. Lower respiratory system • Visceral Pleura • Membrane on the lung • Easy movement of lungs within chest wall

  24. Lower respiratory system • Alveolar Sac • Cluster of alveoli located at the end of each alveolar duct • Contain alveoli

  25. Lower respiratory system • Alveolar Duct • Connects bronchioles to alveolar sacs

  26. Lower respiratory system • Alveolus • Site of gas exchange with blood • Secrete Surfactant

  27. Lower respiratory system • Diaphragm • Muscle that separates thoracic cavity from abdominal cavity • Performs an important function in respiration

  28. Lower respiratory system • Tracheal Cartilage • Shape and support trachea • Ring Shaped- 16 to 20

  29. Lower respiratory system • Apex of Lung • Rounded upper portion of the lung

  30. Lower respiratory system • Mediastinum • Divides thoracic cavity into two pleural cavities

  31. Lower respiratory system • Left Primary Bronchus • Main passageway into the lungs

  32. Lower respiratory system • Lower Terminal Bronchioles • End of the conduction zone • Transitions to the respiratory zone

  33. Lower respiratory system • Conduction Zone • Nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and terminal bronchioles • Respiratory Zone • Site of gas exchange; CO2 and O2

  34. Lower respiratory system • Carina • Bottom of trachea; splits into primary bronchus • Mucus membrane is sensitive and triggers cough reflex

  35. Lower respiratory system • Secondary Bronchi (120) • Branches off of the primary bronchi • Tertiary Bronchi (121) • Branches off of the tertiary bronchi • Splits into bronchioles

  36. Respiratory System • _____________ provides an opening for air to enter and leave the nasal cavity. • List the three ways in which the upper respiratory system filters the air before it reaches the lungs. • Describe the function of the epiglottis. • The _____________ are the primary site for gas exchange. • Explain the difference between the conduction zone and the respiratory zone. • Describe the function of the diaphragm.

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