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Byproduct Feeds

Byproduct Feeds. Peanut Hulls. Comments: High fiber, poor digestibility usually limits level of inclusion to providing a low level roughage source or dilute high energy diets for greater intake rates.

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Byproduct Feeds

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  1. Byproduct Feeds

  2. Peanut Hulls • Comments: • High fiber, poor digestibility usually limits level of inclusion to providing a low level roughage source or dilute high energy diets for greater intake rates. • Coarsely ground hulls are preferred for effective fiber. Ground then pelleted hulls are a filler with no fiber to stimulate rumination. Reported on Dry matter basis.

  3. Rice Hulls • Comments: • High fiber, poor digestibility • Must be ground to prevent irritation to the digestive tract. • Keep at 15% or less of the diet. • Use to adjust energy levels of forage substitution rations. Reported on Dry matter basis.

  4. Cottonseed hulls • Comments: • Source of roughage • Fed with other protein and energy dense feeds • Low in protein and energy • Cattle readily consume Reported on Dry matter basis.

  5. Rice mill feed • Comments: • Combination of rice bran and rice hulls • Low protein and energy feed • Can be used to replace broiler litter • Must be fed with other protein and energy dense feeds • Long-stem fiber or cottonseed hulls should be used at no less than 10% of the diet to help promote rumen health. • Dietary Ca:P imbalance possible Reported on Dry matter basis.

  6. Broiler Litter • Comments: • Feeding practices currently being debated • Usually mixed with corn or soybean hulls 50:50 for growing cattle, or with 25 to 35% corn for gestating and lactating cows. • Intake should be reduced 50% 30 days prior to calving to reduce incidence of milk fever Reported on Dry matter basis.

  7. Rice bran • Comments: • Brown layer removed to make white rice • Works well for balancing diets where some hay substitution is acceptable or desirable. • Full fat should be limited to 20% diet • Dietary Ca:P imbalance possible. Some mills produce high Ca rice bran as a result of using limestone for bran removal • Cattle offered Free choice full fat bran consumed 1% BW Reported on Dry matter basis.

  8. Soybean hulls • Comments: • Moderate levels of protein and energy • When fed at < 0.5% BW it is estimated to be 88% TDN • Compliments forage digestion • May be fed free choice to growing cattle (appr. 2 lb/d gain) but watch for bloating with pelleted hulls Reported on Dry matter basis.

  9. Hominy • Comments: • Byproduct of grit or corn meal manufacturing • Feeds like corn • High fat level may limit inclusion rate to 40% of the diet • Dietary Ca:P imbalance possible Reported on Dry matter basis.

  10. Wheat Middlings • Comments: • Byproduct of wheat flour milling • Good combination source of protein and energy. • Starch content may vary. • Dietary Ca:P imbalance possible Reported on Dry matter basis.

  11. Corn Gluten Feed • Comments: • Byproduct of wet corn milling (corn syrup) • Good combination of protein and energy • Suggested feeding rate usually limited to less than 40% of the diet because of potentially high sulfur levels. Reported on Dry matter basis.

  12. Dried Distillers Grains w/ solubles • Comments: • Byproduct of dry corn milling (Ethanol) • Cost usually limits use to correcting protein deficiencies. • High in Rumen Undegradable Protein – but protein is readily digestible. • High S may limit desired feeding rate as well Reported on Dry matter basis.

  13. Brewers Grains • Comments: • Feeding usually restricted to northern AR because of delivery costs. • Turnover rate must be high to prevent spoilage in summer. • Dietary Ca:P imbalance possible Reported on Dry matter basis.

  14. Peanut Skins • Comments: • High fat, moderate energy limits use for on-farm feed manufacturing. • High fat usually limits to less than 15% of the diet; however, researchers in Alabama have fed up to 40% with little problem. • Tannins results in low protein digestibility • Storage can be a problem. High moisture skins can lead to spontaneous combustion. Reported on Dry matter basis.

  15. Other Alternatives • Grain screenings • Potato chips • Bakery waste • Candy waste • Cannery (vegetable) waste

  16. Combinations • Formulate for balance • Avoid selecting multiple ingredients that are: • High in protein (ex. Corn gluten and cottonseed meal) • High in fat (ex. Rice bran and hominy) • High fiber but low digesbility (ex. rice mill feed and peanut hulls) • High in Sulfur (ex. corn gluten feed, distillers grains, and molasses)

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