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The Complex Nature of Communication: From Animal Behavior to Human Language

This exploration delves into the multifaceted world of communication, illustrating its role as a social interaction crucial for the survival and adaptation of species. We examine how the behavior of one animal influences another, the adaptive value of communication, and how intentional and nonintentional signals convey critical information. Key examples, such as the alarm calls of vervet monkeys and the symbolic dances of honeybees, highlight differing levels of communication complexity. This comparison extends to human communication, where grammar and syntax play essential roles beyond mere speech.

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The Complex Nature of Communication: From Animal Behavior to Human Language

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Communication • Communication as Social Interaction • Social Interaction: Behavior of animal A influences behavior of animal B • Adaptive Value of Communication • Enhances behavioral complexity • Compensates for bodily limitations (mind over body)

  2. Levels of Communication General Idea

  3. Level I • Sign Releasing communication • Three-Spined Stickleback

  4. Level II • Symbolic Communication • Dance of the Honeybees

  5. Level IIII • Intentional Communication • Vervet Monkeys • The Phenomenon • Two distinct alarm calls • Two different reactions • Is it intentional? • Intention of one mind to change the content of another mind

  6. Two Possibilities • Nonintentional • V1 sees a leopard • V1 screams • V2 hears scream • V2 runs into the trees • Intentional • V1 sees a leopard • V1 ‘believes’ V2 in danger • V1 ‘intends’ to warn V2 and screams to do so • V2 hears screams, believes that leopard is a threat, desires to be safe, and so, runs into the trees

  7. Level IV • Human Communication • Grammar • Syntax • Animal Studies • Speech does not equal language! • Washoe • Nim • Koko

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