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The Travails of James Monroe

The Travails of James Monroe. Focus Question:. Explain the idea of a system of “checks and balances”. Rapid growth of the U.S. The U.S. was growing leaps and bounds High population growth Natural increase Immigration Movement west Rapid spread over the Appalachians

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The Travails of James Monroe

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  1. The Travails of James Monroe

  2. Focus Question: • Explain the idea of a system of “checks and balances”

  3. Rapid growth of the U.S. • The U.S. was growing leaps and bounds • High population growth • Natural increase • Immigration • Movement west • Rapid spread over the Appalachians • Louisiana Purchase doubled the U.S.

  4. Steady State Growth • States added under rules set by the Land Ordinance of 1785 • Outlined rules for surveying public lands • Divided land into 36 square mile townships • Each township divided into 36 sections • One section set aside for public schools

  5. States Added Rapidly Vermont 1791 Tennessee 1796 Louisiana 1812 Mississippi 1817 Alabama 1819 Kentucky 1792 Ohio 1803 Indiana 1816 Illinois 1818

  6. The Balance • Efforts to maintain a balance

  7. The Trouble with Missouri • By 1819, Missouri had over 60,000 residents • 60,000 needed for statehood • 10,000 enslaved residents • Petitioned to become a slave state • Sent shocks through the nation

  8. Nation Split • Was Slavery to be allowed in the Louisiana Territory? • Tallmadge Amendment • Proposed by Rep. James Tallmadge (NY) • Proposed an end to Missouri slavery in a generation • Southerners outraged • Demanded Missouri enter as a slave state • Ugly head of sectionalism

  9. Question • Why was Missouri’s status so important?

  10. Government Halted • Impasse threatened to upend Washington • Compromise proposed • Senator Jesse Thomas (IL) • Missouri enters as a slave state • Maine is separated from Massachusetts • Enters as a free state • Slavery barred north of 36o30’ • Ushered through Congress by Henry Clay

  11. Missouri Compromise

  12. Omen of Things to Come • “Fire Bell in the Night” by Thomas Jefferson • Does Congress have the power to limit property rights?

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