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SPECIALIZED RESCUE AWARENESS

SPECIALIZED RESCUE AWARENESS. Rope Rescue Confined Space Rescue Trench Rescue. Personal Protective Equipment for Specialized Rescue Operations. Personal protective equipment – Structural fire fighting turnout gear worn by most fire fighters is often not appropriate for most rescue situations.

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SPECIALIZED RESCUE AWARENESS

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  1. SPECIALIZED RESCUE AWARENESS Rope Rescue Confined Space Rescue Trench Rescue

  2. Personal Protective Equipment for Specialized Rescue Operations • Personal protective equipment – Structural fire fighting turnout gear worn by most fire fighters is often not appropriate for most rescue situations.

  3. Personal Protective Equipment • The type of fire fighting personal protective equipment that is most appropriate for SpecialRescue would be a style that most resembles wildland fire fighters.

  4. Personal Protective Equipment • Helmet – regular structural fire fighting helmets are not recommended due to their size and weight so a hard hat style that resembles a wildland helmet but have chin straps and are specifically designed for rescue work.

  5. Personal Protective Equipment • Eye protection – in operations there are numerous opportunities for flying debris to enter the rescuers eyes.

  6. Personal Protective Equipment • Footwear • Turnout boots are not recommended • Leather boots which provide a good combination of function and protection. • When selecting boots, ensure that is lightweight, has non-slip tread, provide ankle support, and be appropriate for the environment they are being used in.

  7. Personal Protective Equipment • Gloves – • A medium-weight leather glove with reinforced palms are the best for rope rescue. • They combine movement with good dexterity while giving good protection.

  8. Rope RescueLife safety rope and Component equipment

  9. Qualifications of a Rescue Technician • For certification, the rescue technician shall perform all of the job performance requirements in Chapter 5 of NFPA 1006 and all job performance requirements listed in at least one of the specialty areas.

  10. Background • Regulations- NFPA 1983, Standard on fire service life safety rope, harness, and hardware, is the primary standard covering the types of equipment used. • The standard also covers the minimum performance standards for the life safety rope, harness, and hardware the rescuers use to support themselves and victims during actual or exercise rope rescue operations.

  11. Background • WAC 296-305-02019 Life Safety ropes, harnesses, and hardware protection. • WAC 296-305-05005 Rope rescue operations. • WAC 296-305-08000 Appendix B- Life safety ropes. • See Handouts

  12. Rope Rescue Equipment Rope Rope falls into two classifications: a. Life Safety b. Utility

  13. Rope Rescue Equipment • Life safety rope is used to support rescuers and victims during an actual incident or training. • Utility rope is used for hoisting tools and equipment.

  14. Rope Rescue Equipment • The inspection of the rope shall be performed before the rope is put in to service, also before and after each use to ensure that the rope has not been compromised.

  15. Rope Rescue Equipment • The following items below should be considered before the life safety rope is put back in use. • The rope has not been visibly damaged • The rope has not been exposed to heat, direct flame impingement, or abrasion. • The rope has not been subjected to any impact load

  16. Rope Rescue Equipment 4. The rope has not been exposed to liquids, solids, gases, mists, or vapors of any chemical or other material that can deteriorate rope 5. The rope passes inspection when inspected by a qualified person using the manufactures specifications

  17. Rope Rescue Equipment • Life safety rope is generally ½ “ in diameter and of kernmantle construction. The minimum breaking strength for two-person rope is 9,000lbs. • The maximum working load for life safety rope is the maximum amount of weight that may be supported by the rope in use.

  18. Rope Rescue Equipment • There has traditionally been two types of rope used in life safety situations. • Dynamic rope • Static rope

  19. Rope Rescue Equipment • Dynamic rope is used when long falls are possible like in a rock climbing situation due to it’s high elasticity • Dynamic rope is designed to stretch up to 60% of its length without breaking

  20. Rope Rescue Equipment • Static rope is the rope of choice for most rescue incidents. • It is only designed to stretch 20% of its length before breaking thus it is better suited for heavy haul applications

  21. Rope Rescue Equipment • Life safety rope logs • The log tracks the use and maintenance of that piece of rope and will help determine when to retire the rope.

  22. Rope Rescue Equipment • Webbing • Flat webbing • Mainly used in rescue work for straps and harnesses. • Tubular webbing • Most commonly used webbing in the fire service

  23. Rope Rescue Equipment • Harness • Class I – fastens around the waist, and is intended for emergency escape for one person. • Class II – Fastens around the waist and around the thighs and may be used in two person rescues • Class III – Fastens around the waist and thighs and also over the shoulders. It is designed to support two-person loads

  24. Rope Rescue Equipment • Hardware – Mechanical devices needed to fully and safely utilize rope rescue and to construct mechanical advantage systems The following are types of hardware

  25. Hardware • Carabiners Consist of a metal loop with a hinged gate to close the opening

  26. Hardware • Rescue Ring Steel ring specifically designed for rescue applications

  27. Hardware • Rigging plates Used for attaching systems or multi-directional loads

  28. Hardware • Figure 8 plates consists of a double ring of steel or anodized aluminum, with one ring larger then the other

  29. Hardware • Brake Bar Rack Repelling device using a U-shaped rod with six friction bars between

  30. Hardware • Pulleys Single-sheave, Double-sheave

  31. Hardware • Edge rollers

  32. Knots • To use the equipment just described in the last section, rope and webbing must usually be tied into knots • See Handout

  33. Knots • Becket bend

  34. Knots • Figure 8 family

  35. Knots

  36. Knots • Water Bend

  37. Knots • Clove Hitch • Bowline

  38. Systems • Anchor systems – Provides a safe and dependable means of securing the rescue rope to a “bomb proof” anchor point. • The most common types of anchor systems used are single point, and load sharing.

  39. System • The most common type of single point anchor is the tensionless anchor.

  40. Systems • Load sharing anchors are used when there is doubt about the anchor point being able to carry the expected load. • Load sharing anchors also distribute the weight between two different points.

  41. Systems • A third type of anchor is the self adjusting anchor point. • This is used when the load point is expected to change direction of pull. • In a multi anchor system the critical angle must be watched so that it does not exceed 120 degrees. The optimal angle is 90 degrees.

  42. Systems • Mechanical advantages – Various types of hauling systems using rope, pulleys, carabiners, and webbing. • Mechanical advantage systems are broken into two groups simple and compound.

  43. Systems • Simple systems • Simple systems are your 4:1, 3:1 systems. • Compound systems • Compound systems are when one simple system is attached to another to multiply the mechanical advantage. • One disadvantage to the compound systems are that they take a lot of rope.

  44. Any Questions About Ropes?

  45. Confined Space Rescue Awareness Confined space • Is large enough and so configured that an employee can bodily enter and perform assigned work. • Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit. • Is not designated for continuous occupancy

  46. Confined Space Rescue Awareness Permit required confined space • In addition to meeting all the criteria for a confined space, have one or more of the following: • Contains or has a potential to contain a hazardous atmosphere. • Contains a material that has the potential of engulfing an entrant. • Has an internal configuration such that an entrant could be trapped orasphyxiated by inwardly converging walls or by a floor that slopes downward to a smaller cross section. • Contains any other recognized safety hazard.

  47. Confined Space Rescue Awareness Permit required confined space • The written entry permit must be posted at the entry point and • Must list more than a dozen essential items of information about the space. • Work to be done in the space • Who will do it

  48. Examples of Confined Spaces: • Tanks • Manholes • Boilers • Furnaces • Sewers • Silos • Hoppers • Vaults • Pipes • Trenches • Tunnels • Ducts • Bins • Pits

  49. Confined space hazards Atmospheric hazards • Oxygen deficiency (<19%) • Oxygen enrichment (23%) • Flammability • Toxicity Physical Hazards • Structural Instability • Debris • Engulfment

  50. Confined space hazards Environmental Hazards • Darkness • Temperature extremes • Noise • Moisture • Dust

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