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Week 8/9

This guide provides an in-depth overview of ordinal and cardinal numbers in Latin, including essential terms such as *primus* (first), *secundus* (second), and their usage in sentences. Explore the formation of numbers from 1 to 20, as well as 100 and 1000, along with examples illustrating their grammatical context. Reference pages for easy navigation and understanding, including the intricacies of partitive genitive and the use of the ablative case with cardinal numbers. Enhance your grasp of Latin through engaging examples and structured explanations.

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Week 8/9

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  1. Week 8/9 Chapter 15/16

  2. Key Concepts March 6 • Ordinals • Cardinals

  3. Ordinals • ōrdō, ōrdinis-rank, order m. • Ranking numbers-”first!” “second!” “third!” • “80th”

  4. Ordinals-page 500 • Primus, a, um primero • Secundus(alter) segundo • Tertius,a, um tercero • Quārtus, a, um cuarto • Quintus, a, um quinto • Sextus, a, um sexto • Septimus, a, um septimo • Octāvus, a, um octavo • Nōnus, a, um noveno • Decimus, a, um decimo • … • Centēsimus (100th) centesimo *be able to form 1-20; 100; recognize the rest

  5. Ordinal Numbers • Primus, a, um-primogeniture • Secundus (alter)-secondary • Tertius, a, um-tertiary • Quārtus, a, um-quart • Quintus, a, um-Quentin Tarantino (wish the e were an i!) • Sextus, a, um-Sextuplets • Septimus, a, um-September (used to be the 7th month) • Octāvus, a, um-Octo-mom • Nōnus, a, um-noon (ninth hour counted from sunrise Old English; 3:00) • Decimus, a, um(decimate) • Centēsimus (100th) (centipede) *be able to form 1-20; 100; recognize the rest

  6. Exemplum • Timeō* meum*tertiumexitium. • *Timeō, timēre, timuī-to fear • *What kind of adjective is meum here?

  7. Cardinals • Cardō, cardinis-hinge, masc. • Answers ”how many?” • “I have five (5) dollars” • “there is one (1) puppy” • See page 500

  8. Unus-Uno-I • Unus, una, unum

  9. Duo, duae, duo-dos- II M F N N: DuoDuaeDuo G: DuōrumDuārumDuōrum D: DuōbusDuābusDuōbus Ac: DuōsDuāsDuo Ab: DuōbusDuābusDuōbus * Why are there only plural forms?

  10. Don’t panic… • Because the neuter is not A duo animalia

  11. Trēs-tres-III M/F N N: TrēsTria G: TriumTrium D: TribusTribus Ac: TrēsTria Ab: TribusTribus Triaanimalia

  12. Cardinals • Unus, a, um • Duo, duae, duo • Trēs, tria • Quattor • Quīnque • Sex • Septem • Octō • Novem • Decem • Centum • Mille • Uno • Dos • Tres • Cuatro • cinco • Seis • Siete • Ocho • Nueve • Diez • Ciento *4-10 do not decline…pay special attention to the notes on 500

  13. The curious case of 1000 Singular – MFN (thousand) Plural- N (thousands) M/F/N N N: MīlleMīlia G: MīlleMīlium D: MīlleMīlibus Ac: MīlleMīlia Ab: MīlleMīlibus • In the singular- indeclinable adjective • In the plural- declines like a neuter 3rd declension i-stem noun (preview for tomorrow!)

  14. Exempla • Erantnovemviri. • Eratnonusvir. • Erant mille viri. • Erantmilliavirorum*. • What kind of gen.?

  15. Exempla • Exspectō* triaanimalia • iaciō* primum animal in mare. *expecto, are, avī, atum-to look for/expect *iacio, iacere, iēcī, iactum-to throw/hurl

  16. Exempla • “Duo consuleseruntsatis!” • “Non eruntquinqueconsules!” • Cicero dixit et periculumanimōdoctōsensit…

  17. Key Concepts March 7 • Partitive Genitive (re-dux) • Abl. with cardinal numbers • Abl. time when • Abl. time within which

  18. The curious case of 1000 Singular – MFN (thousand) Plural- N (thousands) M/F/N N N: MīlleMīlia G: MīlleMīlium D: MīlleMīlibus Ac: MīlleMīlia Ab: MīlleMīlibus • In the singular- indeclinable adjective • In the plural- declines like a neuter 3rd declension i-stem noun (preview for tomorrow!)

  19. Partitive Genitive • Milliavirorumerant. • Parsurbiummiseratimet. • NemopuellarumCatullumamat*. • *why is amat singular?

  20. Partitive Genitive loves neuter nouns and certain adjectives • Estsatisconsiliī! • Habeōmultumtemporisstudiō linguae latinae! • Quid novi?—”what’s up” • *if it’s a gen. and it’s awkward sounding with the “of” and it follows these patterns—drop the “of”

  21. Abl. with Cardinal numbers • Ex or Dē+ ablative • Quattor ex amīcīsmeīs me amant. (four of my friends) • Vs. • Erantquattor amici.

  22. Abl. Time When • Shows when an action occurred; use English “at” or “on” • Abl. • What are our other lone-wolf ablatives?

  23. Seneca eō tempore se necat. • Vs. • Seneca stylō se necat.

  24. Abl. Time within which • Lone-wolf ablative to show “at” “within” or “within” (NOT FOR) • Seneca paucishorisnecavit. • (it took a while…)

  25. Adjectives • 1st and 2nd three termination adjectives • Magnus, a, um )1-2-1 • 3rddeclension adjectives have 3, 2 or 1 endings

  26. Acer, acris, acre Termination: 3 2) Stem: go to the fem. acr-

  27. M/f N Acer/Acris Acre Acris Acrī Acrem Acre Acrī ***What’s going on? Endings forAcer, acris, acre? M/f N. AcrēsAcria Acrium Acribus AcrēsAcria Acribus

  28. Fortis, forte • Termination: 2 • Stem: go to the feminine fort- • Endings: …. What gender is fortis? What gender is forte? What looks like the genitive

  29. N: Cīvisfortis N: Cīves fortes G: CīvisfortisG: Cīviumfortium D: Cīvīfortī D: Cīvibusfortibus AC: Cīvemfortem AC: Cīves fortes AB: Cīvefortī AB: Cīvibusfortium Decline foris, forte with civis

  30. N: animal forte N: animaliafortia G: animalosfortisG: animaliumfortium D: animalīfortī D: animalibusfortibus AC: animal forte AC: animaliafortia AB: animaliafortī AB: animalibusfortibus Decline foris, forte with animal

  31. Potens, potentis • Termination: 1 • Stem: potent- • Endings….

  32. M/f N PotensPotens Potentis Potentī PotentemPotens Potentī PotentesPotentia Potentium Potentibus PotentesPotentia Potentibus

  33. Third Declension Adjectives • In sum, follow the neuter i-stem rules • 3 termination-go to 2nd to get stem • 2 termination-go to 1st part to get stem for M/F and 2nd for N • 1 termination-go to 2nd part for stem

  34. Dulcis, dulce • 2 termination

  35. Brevis, breve • 2 termination

  36. Ingens, ingentis • 1 termination

  37. Celer, celeris, celere 3 termination

  38. Videōsenem* celerem • Habeōfortiaanimalia. • Virestdulcissed uxor estacris. *senex, senis-old

  39. Key Concepts March 18 (if time) • Attributive Adjectives • Objective Complement

  40. Adjective Types • Attributive Adjectives • Predicate Adjectives • Substantive Adjectives • Objective Complement • Eierant fortes. • Fortes eumsuperabant.

  41. Attributive Adjectives • Commonly follow the nouns they modify • Page 133: viri fortes

  42. Size, quantity, demonstratives or intensives go BEFORE the noun typically • Habeōquinqueanimalia. • Habeōhaecanimalia. • Habeōingentiaanimalia.

  43. Objective Complement • Faciāmtestellam*! • Fortuna vitam mortem facit. • Can you think of other verbs that might do this? • *stella, ae-f. star

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