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Understanding Drawings: The Impact of Orthographic Projections in Communication

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quinta
11 diapositives · 254 Views · Sep 20, 2014

Drawings serve as a superior medium for conveying ideas about shape, size, and appearance compared to verbal or written descriptions. In engineering and various fields, drawings provide a clear understanding of objects and situations quickly. This article explores different types of drawings, including orthographic projections, which project multiple views (front, top, side) of objects on reference planes. It highlights the importance of these visual aids in various applications, emphasizing methods like First and Third Angle Projections for effective technical communication.

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Understanding Drawings: The Impact of Orthographic Projections in Communication
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  1. DRAWINGS: ( A Graphical Representation) The Fact about: If compared with Verbal or Written Description, Drawings offer far better idea about the Shape, Size & Appearance of any object or situation or location, that too in quite a less time. Hence it has become the Best Media of Communication not only in Engineering but in almost all Fields.

  2. Drawings (Some Types) Portraits ( human faces, expressions etc.) Botanical Drawings ( plants, flowers etc.) Nature Drawings ( landscape, scenery etc.) Geographical Drawings ( maps etc.) Zoological Drawings (creatures, animals etc.) Engineering Drawings, (projections.) Machine component Drawings Building Related Drawings. Orthographic Projections (Fv,Tv & Sv.-Mech.Engg terms) (Plan, Elevation- Civil Engg.terms) (Working Drawings 2-D type) Isometric ( Mech.Engg.Term.) or Perspective(Civil Engg.Term) (Actual Object Drawing 3-D)

  3. 1 2 3 ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS: IT IS A TECHNICAL DRAWING IN WHICH DIFFERENT VIEWS OF AN OBJECT ARE PROJECTED ON DIFFERENT REFERENCE PLANES OBSERVING PERPENDICULAR TO RESPECTIVE REFERENCE PLANE Different Reference planes are Horizontal Plane (HP), Vertical Frontal Plane ( VP ) Side Or Profile Plane ( PP) And Different Views are Front View (FV), Top View (TV) and Side View (SV) FV is a view projected on VP.TV is a view projected on HP.SV is a view projected on PP. IMPORTANT TERMS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS: Planes. Pattern of planes & Pattern of views Methods of drawing Orthographic Projections

  4. PLANES 1 PRINCIPAL PLANES HP AND VP AUXILIARY PLANES Auxiliary Inclined Plane (A.I.P.) Auxiliary Vertical Plane (A.V.P.) Profile Plane ( P.P.)  A.I.P. A.V.P.  to Vp &  to Hp  to Hp &  to Vp 

  5. THIS IS A PICTORIAL SET-UP OF ALL THREE PLANES. ARROW DIRECTION IS A NORMAL WAY OF OBSERVING THE OBJECT. BUT IN THIS DIRECTION ONLY VP AND A VIEW ON IT (FV) CAN BE SEEN. THE OTHER PLANES AND VIEWS ON THOSE CAN NOT BE SEEN. TO MAKE THOSE PLANES ALSO VISIBLE FROM THE ARROW DIRECTION, A) HP IS ROTATED 900 DOUNWARD B) PP, 900 IN RIGHT SIDE DIRECTION. THIS WAY BOTH PLANES ARE BROUGHT IN THE SAME PLANE CONTAINING VP. Click to view Animation On clicking the button if a warning comes please click YES to continue, this program is safe for your pc. PP VP Y X HP ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS OF ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS DRAWN IN FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS (First Angle Method) 2 PROCEDURE TO SOLVE ABOVE PROBLEM:- Y X FV LSV Y X TV PP IS ROTATED IN RIGHT SIDE 900 AND BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP. HP IS ROTATED DOWNWARD 900 AND BROUGHT IN THE PLANE OF VP.

  6. TV FV Y X Y X FV TV L G 3 Methods of Drawing Orthographic Projections Third Angle Projections Method Here views are drawn by placing object in 3rd Quadrant. ( Tv above X-y, Fv below X-y) First Angle Projections Method Here views are drawn by placing object in 1st Quadrant ( Fv above X-y, Tv below X-y ) SYMBOLIC PRESENTATION OF BOTH METHODS WITH AN OBJECT STANDING ON HP ( GROUND) ON IT’S BASE. NOTE:- HP term is used in 1st Angle method & For the same Ground term is used in 3rd Angle method of projections

  7. FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION FOR T.V. PP VP FOR S.V. FOR F.V. FV LSV Y X TV HP IN THIS METHOD, THE OBJECT IS ASSUMED TO BE SITUATED IN FIRST QUADRANT MEANS ABOVE HP & INFRONT OF VP. P.P. V.P. S.V. F.V. OBJECT IS INBETWEEN OBSERVER & PLANE. OBJECT ACTUAL PATTERN OF PLANES & VIEWS IN FIRST ANGLE METHOD OF PROJECTIONS

  8. x y 1 FOR T.V. S.V. F.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW FOR F.V. FOR S.V. PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD TOP VIEW

  9. FOR T.V. FOR F.V. X Y FOR S.V. 2 S.V. F.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS FRONT VIEW L.H.SIDE VIEW TOP VIEW PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

  10. X Y 3 FOR T.V. S.V. F.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS L.H.SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW FOR F.V. FOR S.V. TOP VIEW PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD

  11. FOR T.V. X Y FOR S.V. FOR F.V. 4 S.V. F.V. ORTHOGRAPHIC PROJECTIONS L.H.SIDE VIEW FRONT VIEW TOP VIEW PICTORIAL PRESENTATION IS GIVEN DRAW THREE VIEWS OF THIS OBJECT BY FIRST ANGLE PROJECTION METHOD