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Chapter 12 “Learning About World Religions: Judaism”

Chapter 12 “Learning About World Religions: Judaism”. Essential Question—What are the central teachings of Judaism and why did they survive to modern day? . Lesson Objective: . What am I learning? I will learn about key Jewish teachings.

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Chapter 12 “Learning About World Religions: Judaism”

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  1. Chapter 12 “Learning About World Religions: Judaism” Essential Question—What are the central teachings of Judaism and why did they survive to modern day?

  2. Lesson Objective: • What am I learning? • I will learn about key Jewish teachings. • I will also discover how Judaism was preserved after most Jews were driven from their homeland. *I will not sue Ms. Brown or The SAE for any inaccurate information about Judaism. I understand that Ms. Brown is doing her best and she is not an expert on religion.

  3. Vocabulary • Polytheism—the belief that there are many gods • Monotheism—the belief that there is only one god

  4. Vocabulary Continued… • Talmud—the collection of ancient Jewish writings that interpret the laws/teachings of the Hebrew Bible • Ethics—a set of moral principles (values)

  5. Vocabulary Continued… • Exile—to banish from one’s own country or home • Jewish Diaspora—scattering of the Jewish people outside their homeland (began ~586 BCE)

  6. Vocabulary Continued… • Yavneh—an ancient city in Israel that became a center for Jewish learning

  7. Background Information: Divisions, Invasions, and the Start of the Jewish Diaspora • Kingdom of Israel split into the northern kingdom of Israel and the southern kingdom of Judah after King Solomon died. • The division weakened the kingdoms • Assyria conquered Israel and took its leaders • Babylon invaded Judah • Nebuchadnezzar laid siege to the city of Jerusalem • Nebuchadnezzar burned down Solomon’s great Temple. • Most people were exiled Jewish Diaspora begins

  8. The Central Teachings of Judaism • Judaism—World’s oldest monotheistic religion. • Judaism teaches that God is the source of morality (standards of right & wrong). • *Ethics • In your opinion, how do you know what is right and wrong? • Is it ethical (right) to steal from someone rich and give to the poor? • Or is that bad? • Jews learn about their religion by studying sacred texts. • Jews feel that God is close to them in their daily lives through study & prayer.

  9. The Central Teachings of Judaism • The commandments tell how to lead upright and honorable lives. • You shall not murder, you shall not steal, etc. • Do you believe humans need reminders to be good? • OR can we be good on our own?

  10. Equality & Social Justice • Two important values that have influenced societies are equality & social justice. • What is equality? • What is social justice?

  11. Equality & Social Justice • Many sayings in the Hebrew Bible, teach about treating everyone fairly. • Do you agree with this? • Is this possible? • Is it possible for a teacher to treat everyone fairly?

  12. Learning & Studying • Studying the Hebrew Bible, is very important to Judaism. • The Talmud, contains oral tradition along with academic analyses. The Talmud became a basic source of Jewish law. • Throughout history, Jews have emphasized the importance of studying and learning. • How has this helped this religion thrive and prosper?

  13. Foreign Rule • The invasion of Judah, the destruction of Jerusalem and its temple threatened the survival of Judaism. • How would you feel about being exiled, scattered, and returning to your land to find it dominated by foreign rulers? • The Jewish captives lived in Babylon for about half a century. From then on, Jews outside their homeland prayed to return. • In 539 BCE, the Persians conquered the Babylonians. • Persian king (Cyrus), ended the Jews’ exile.

  14. Foreign Rule • Many Jews returned to Judah, where Cyrus allowed them to rebuild the Temple in Jerusalem and to practice their religion. • For nearly 400 years, Judah was ruled by foreigners. • After the Persians came the Greeks. The foreign rulers were often harsh. • Eventually, the Jews rebelled and started a war that spanned more than 20 years. • They drove the Greeks from Jerusalem and reclaimed their Temple. (Jews today celebrate Hannukah in honor of this victory).

  15. Think-Pair-Share • How far would you go to defend your beliefs? • Would you go to war? • Would you rebel?

  16. To Be Continued… • Lecture will be continued at our next class.

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