1. How orderly was decolonisation? • Write this on a new folder • What themes might be involved in it? • What elements in these new independent countries may we look at to work out how orderly something was? • What countries may be involved?

2. How orderly was decolonisation in Nigeria and Uganda? C aim – to explain and begin to analyse why things went wrong for Nigeria and UgandaB/A aim – to analyse why Nigeria and Uganda experienced disorderly decolonisation ‘In the first two decades of independence, there were some 40 successful coups and countless attempted coups. In 1967 a 27 year old Ghanian lieutenant tried to take power with an armoured car because he wanted to ‘make history’. Meredith What do these pictures suggest to you about decolonisation? Why do coups tend to lead to problems for countries?

4. Nigeria - events https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xwHMbdbWMtU

5. How orderly was decolonisation in Nigeria and Uganda? C aim – to explain and begin to analyse why things went wrong for Nigeria and UgandaB/A aim – to analyse why Nigeria and Uganda experienced disorderly decolonisation Historians fell into assigning blame. Some said that this proved Black Africans could not rule themselves. Others said that it could all be blamed on the legacy of colonial rule. Do you think one or the other are more to blame? Nigeria . Sum up what happened in three sentences with your partner. Why did this happen?

6. Uganda – events 1962 - Uganda becomes independent with Milton Obote as prime minister and with Buganda enjoying considerable autonomy. 1963 - Uganda becomes a republic with Buganda's King Mutesa as president. 1966 - Milton Obote ends Buganda's autonomy and promotes himself to the presidency. 1967 - New constitution vests considerable power in the president. Idi Amin years1971 - Milton Obote toppled in coup led by Army chief Idi Amin. 1972 - Amin orders Asians who were not Ugandan citizens - around 60,000 people - to leave the country. 1972-73 - Uganda engages in border clashes with Tanzania. 1976 - Idi Amin declares himself president for life and claims parts of Kenya. 1978 - Uganda invades Tanzania with a view to annexing Kagera region. 1979 - Tanzania invades Uganda, unifying the various anti-Amin forces under the Uganda National Liberation Front and forcing Amin to flee the country; Yusufu Lule installed as president, but is quickly replaced by Godfrey Binaisa. 1980 - Binaisa overthrown by the army. Milton Obote becomes president after elections. 1985 - Obote deposed in military coup and is replaced by Tito Okello. 1986 - National Resistance Army rebels take Kampala and install Yoweri Museveni as president https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IkElA7L8mqw

7. How orderly was decolonisation in Nigeria and Uganda? C aim – to explain and begin to analyse why things went wrong for Nigeria and UgandaB/A aim – to analyse why Nigeria and Uganda experienced disorderly decolonisation Why did this happen? Is it the fault of Ugandas? Or the legacy of colonial rule? Uganda. With your partner write three sentences about what happened to Uganda after independence.

8. How orderly was decolonisation in Nigeria and Uganda? C aim – to explain and begin to analyse why things went wrong for Nigeria and UgandaB/A aim – to analyse why Nigeria and Uganda experienced disorderly decolonisation Tomorrow and on Thursday we will be examining the success stories of decolonisation. Namibia, Egypt, Kenya and many others had lower levels of corruption and relatively stable democracies.

9. 14 How accurate is it to say that the transition to independence led to increased political instability in east and west Africa in the 1960s and 1970s? • It is accurate to say there was increased political instability in East and West Africa in the 1960s and 1970s. • In general ……………….. • This was more unstable than the colonial era as ……………………………. • In East Africa …………………. • In West Africa ………………………… • Some historians blame ……………………… and can be supported by ………………………. However, others blame …………………………….. Which can be supported by …………………….. • Therefore it would seem in these cases that it is accurate to suggest that the transition to independence led to increased political instability in East and West Africa in the 1960s and 1970s.

10. Homework • Read chapters on Nigeria and Uganda • Annotate as you go • Let’s do a page together...

11. 14 How accurate is it to say that the transition to independence led to increased political instability in east and west Africa in the 1960s and 1970s? • 14 How far do you agree that decolonisation was more orderly in west Africa than in east Africa? • 14 How far did the process of decolonisation of British colonies in east and west Africa lead to political instability in the newly independent countries in the 1960s and 1970s?