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Perspectives on Developmental Processes: Nature vs. Nurture, Continuity vs. Discontinuity

quynn-dickson avatar
quynn-dickson
25 diapositives · 355 Views · Nov 18, 2014

Dive into the fundamental questions of developmental psychology, exploring themes like continuity/stages, nature vs. nurture, stability/change, and diverse contexts of development. Learn about ecological systems theory, influences on development, and various research designs.

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  1. PSY 203 Chapter 1

  2. Which statement reflects your view? • Development is a continuous, gradual progression, with new abilities, skills, and knowledge gradually added at a relatively uniform pace. • Development occurs at different rates, alternating between periods of little change and periods of abrupt, rapid change.

  3. Which statement reflects your view? • Children respond to the world in much the same way as adults. The main difference is that children’s thinking is less sophisticated and complex than adults. • Children have unique ways of thinking about and responding to the world that are very different from those of adults.

  4. Which statement reflects your view? • An individual’s personality is mostly determined by heredity. • An individual’s personality can be modified through caregiving experiences.

  5. Fundamental Questions • Continuity/stages (quantitative/qualitative or continuous/discontinuous)

  6. Fundamental Questions • Continuity/stages (quantitative/qualitative) • Nature/nurture

  7. Fundamental Questions • Continuity/stages (quantitative/qualitative) • Nature/nurture • Stability/change

  8. Contexts of Development • Family

  9. Contexts of Development • Family • School

  10. Contexts of Development • Family • School • Community

  11. Contexts of Development • Family • School • Community • Media

  12. Contexts of Development • Family • School • Community • Media • Job

  13. Contexts of Development • Family • School • Community • Media • Job • Culture

  14. Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner) • Microsystem • Immediate family, home life

  15. Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner) • Microsystem • Mesosystem • Interrelationships between settings in which person participates • Parents & school, parents & day care, parents & peers

  16. Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner) • Microsystem • Mesosystem • Exosystem • Child not actively involved but affect family • Parents’ work, family friends, neighbors

  17. Ecological Systems Theory (Bronfenbrenner) • Microsystem • Mesosystem • Exosystem • Macrosystem • Ethnic group, cultural factors, politics, economics

  18. Influences on Development • Age-graded

  19. Influences on Development • Age-graded • History-graded (cohort effect)

  20. Influences on Development

  21. Influences on Development • Age-graded • History-graded (cohort effect) • Nonnormative

  22. Influences on Development • Age-graded • History-graded (cohort effect) • Nonnormative • Reciprocal interaction/bidirectionality

  23. Research Designs • Cross-sectional study

  24. Research Designs • Cross-sectional study • Longitudinal study

  25. Research Designs • Cross-sectional study • Longitudinal study • Sequential design