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Memory Stages

Memory Stages. Stages of Memory. Sensory memory : fleeting, brief recording of a sensation The smell of cookies on a Wednesday Short term memory : briefly held information AKA: “Working memory”

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Memory Stages

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  1. Memory Stages

  2. Stages of Memory • Sensory memory: fleeting, brief recording of a sensation • The smell of cookies on a Wednesday • Short term memory: briefly held information • AKA: “Working memory” • Here the 7 digits to call on the radio to win two tickets to a concert, but you won’t be able recall the digits later that day. • Long term memory: held for the long-haul • The vocabulary terms you will need to remember for January’s final

  3. Sensory Memory • These memories are encoded and stored automatically, and are quickly forgotten too… • Iconic memory: extremely brief visual image of a visual stimuli • Lasts only a split second, is quickly replaced with new images

  4. Short-term Memory • Short-term memory requires rehearsal to remember • Two types of rehearsal from yesterday…? • Chunking: grouping pieces of data together to aid memory • Ex. Phone numbers: easier to remember (###) ### #### rather than ##########) • “The Rule of 7”: we can only short-term remember 7, plus or minus 2, items at a time. • People can usually handle local phone numbers no problem, but struggle if you add in the area-code for numbers around the country

  5. Short-Term Memory • Listen to the following chunks of random letters. After ten seconds, you will be asked to recall as many as you can on your paper. • XXK RMJ FNW KYT MQP KSN CVD QHW RFB • Listen to the following chunks of different random letters. Immediately following the last chunk, You need to count (OUT LOUD) backwards from 50 by 4s. • NMW WYT BCV KJH DRG LPB CQG PZX FTM • How do your scores compare? • If rehearsal is blocked, the number of digits or chunks of info remembered will drop.

  6. Short-Term Memory • Primacy-recency effect: The idea that you will best remember the following info from lists: • The first few items • The last few items • Those items that “stick out” the most • Remember the following list of things to get from the store…

  7. Long-Term Memory • Theoretically limitless, as far as we have been able to assess it. • Memory champions use extremely effective means of encoding (esp. mnemonic devices), storage, and retrieval of random information.

  8. Storing Memories in the Brain • Hippocampus: part of the limbic system that processes our conscious memories • Left half of the hippocampus processes language-based memories, right hippocampus processes visual & spatial memories • The more you use your hippocampus (or even a part of it) the stronger it will be for processing memories in the future • Use it or Lose It!

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