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Creating Your Own Webpage

Learn the fundamentals of building your own webpage using HTML and CSS in this comprehensive guide. We cover the essential components of HTML including tags and content structure, as well as CSS for styling and presentation. Discover how to utilize selectors and properties to format your webpage, and understand how to link external CSS files for better organization. From defining colors to adjusting text properties and adding margins, borders, and padding, this guide provides practical examples and tips to enhance your web development skills.

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Creating Your Own Webpage

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  1. Creating Your Own Webpage COSC 1301

  2. Cascading Stylesheets Think of: • HTML: content of your webpage • HTML has tags • CSS: presentation and appearance of your webpage • CSS has selectors • We focus on HTML selectors – names of HTML tags CSS: For an HTML element, assign a value to a property Format: For each selector, the properties/values are enclosed in curly braces: property : value ;

  3. External CSS File • Ends in .css extension • Add a link to file style.css in header of your HTML file: <head> <link rel = "stylesheet" href = "style.css"> </head>

  4. Example: style.css body { background-color: #CCFFFF; font-size: 2em; } p { color: red; text-align: center; } a { color: blue; } Background color for body is an aqua color, and font-size is 2 times the default. Text in paragraphs will be red, and will be centered. Text in anchors will be blue.

  5. Another Webpage <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <title> This is my title! </title> <link rel = "stylesheet" href="style.css"> </head> <body> <h1> All About Me </h1> <p> Favorite Foods </p> <ol> <li> pesto </li> <li> sushi </li> <li> pancakes </li> </ol> <p> Favorite Websites </p> <ol> <li> <a href = "http://slashdot.org"> Slashdot </a> </li> <li> <a href = "http://stedwards.edu"> St. Edward's </a> </li> </ol> </body> </html>

  6. Some Units • px: pixels • em: multiple of current font size • 2em is 2 times the current font size • pt: points • %: percentages • in: inches

  7. Colors • Predefined includes: aqua, black, blue, fuchsia, gray, green, lime, navy, maroon, orange, olive, purple, teal, silver, white, gold, yellow • Specify as: • rgb(0, 255, 0) • rgb(0%, 100%, 0%) • #00ff00 • Can select a color (for text) and a background color: h1 { color: yellow; background-color: #CCFFFF; }

  8. Text Properties • font-family • Values: arial, Helvetica, serif, verdana • font-size • Values: bold, normal • font-weight • Values: bold, normal, bolder, lighter • font-style • Values: italic, normal • text-transform • Values: capitalize, uppercase, lowercase • capitalize: capitalizes first letter of every word • uppercase: every letter capitalized

  9. Text Alignment • Property: text-align • Values: left, right, center

  10. Margins, Borders, Padding, Oh My • An element is surrounded by a padding box • Which is surrounded by a border box • Which is surrounded by a margin box • Value of margin, padding: describes the width of the space around Example: h2 { font-size: 1.5em; margin: 20px; padding: 40px; }

  11. Border Properties • Property: border-style • Values: none (no border), dotted, dashed, solid, groove, ridge • Property: border-color • Property: border-width • Values: thin, medium, thick • Properties: border-top-width, border-bottom-width, border-left-width, border-right-width

  12. Border Example h1 { border-style: dotted; border-width: 2px; border-left-width: 10px; border-right-width: 10px; border-color: teal; }

  13. Example table {border-style: solid; color: #333333; border-width: 5px; border-color: #FF0000; width: 100%; height: 20%; text-align: center; border-collapse: collapse; } tr { border-style: dashed; border-width: 2px; border-color: #DD0000; } td{ border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; } th { border-style: solid; border-width: 2px; }

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