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This study guide focuses on essential concepts related to ocean basins and their features. It discusses the continental margin, including the continental shelf, slope, and rise. It also covers the characteristics of seas, ocean sediments, and the formation of underwater structures such as seamounts and mid-ocean ridges. Additionally, the guide explains the use of sonar technology in mapping ocean floors and the impact of turbidity currents on ocean features. Key terminology and the prominence of oceans in Earth's hydrological cycle are highlighted.
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1 • A ________ ______ is part of the continental margin. • continental • shelf
2 • A large body of saline water that may be __________ by land is a _____. • surrounded • sea.
3 • A _______ is made up of minerals. • nodule.
4 • A piece of sediment collected by drilling is a ____ ______. • core • sample.
5 • Continental _________ are made up of the continental rise, continental slope, and continental shelf. • margins
6 • __________ plate boundaries cause deep ocean _______. • Convergent • trenches.
7 • _________ _____, ______, and ____________ are tools used by scientists to study the deep ocean. • Drilling ships, • sonar, • bathyscaphs
8 • Earth’s oceans cover about ______ th’s of Earth’s _______. • ¾ th’s • surface.
9 • _________ from turbidity currents creates ________ canyons and the continental rise. • Erosion • submarine
10 • Most _____-______ ridges form _______ sea level. • mid- • ocean • below
11 • Ocean sediments are _______ on the _______ plains. • thinnest • abyssal
12 • Of all the water on Earth, ____ is found in the _______. • 97% • oceans.
13 • Scientists use ______ to calculate the ______ of the ocean floor. • sonar • depth
14 • ________ are most likely to form in _____ _______. • Seamounts • hot • spots.
15 • _________ from rivers spread over the deep-ocean basins by means of________ _________. • Sediments • turbidity • currents.
16 • ________________ stands for “SOund ______________________ And Ranging”. • SONAR • Navigation
17 • _______ uses sound waves to measure the sea floor. • Sonar
18 • The continental ____ has a ______ slope and usually has less than 100 meters of water above it. • shelf • gentle
19 • The _____ and largest ocean on Earth is the _______. • deepest • Pacific.
20 • The _______ place in Earth’s crust is a _________. • deepest • trench.
21 • The first step in a ______ transmission is to send out a series of _______ waves. • sonar • sound.
22 • The _______ regions on Earth are __________ plains. • flattest • abyssal
23 • The _________ ________ is best known for its depth. • Mariana • Trench
24 • The _____-_______ ridges in Iceland are unusual because they rise _____ sea level. • mid- • ocean • above
25 • To see the bottom of the ocean for him or herself while remaining connected to a research ship, a scientist would use a _____________________. • bathysphere.
In addition to these notes study the diagram on the top of pages 476-477 so that you can identify the different features found on the seafloor including the following:
continental shelf, continental slope, continental rise, trench, mid-ocean ridge, abyssal plain
