Chapter 17 Antietam – the removal of Buell and McClellan from command

1. Lane Reigle and Mitch Wolfe Chapter 17Antietam – the removal of Buell and McClellan from command

2. Antietam Historical Music Video • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bHAw_8cVPCs • Quote on page 304

3. Statistics • Approximately 23,000 casualties at the Battle of Sharpsburg • 6000 American casualties on D-Day in WWII • More killed/mortally wounded in one day at Sharpsburg than in the War of 1812, the Mexican War, and the Spanish-American War combined • In comparison, approximately 3000 killed on September 11, 2001

4. The Battle of Sharpsburg (Sep. 17) • 3 Part Battle • The Cornfield/ The Woods • The Sunken Road • Rohrbach Bridge

5. The Cornfield/ The Woods • Area of first fighting • Taken by Union, repulsed, then taken again • General Mansfield killed, Hooker wounded • Quote on page 306

6. The Sunken Road • Held by the Confederates for 3 hours of fighting • Confused order led to break in formation • Forever known as Bloody Lane

7. Rohrbach (Burnside) Bridge • Union attempts to cross Antietam Creek • Fordable at several places, but Burnside focused on the single bridge • Finally broke through, didn’t pursue until 3 p.m.

8. Outcome • Tactical Draw • Strategic defeat for Confederates • Quote on page 311

9. Confederate Invasion of Kentucky • Beauregard replaced by Bragg as Commander of Army of the Mississippi • Confederacy thought Kentuckians would be eager for liberation • Smith/ Bragg took 15,000 rifles along to arm supporters • Smith captured Richmond

10. The Battle of Perryville (Oct. 7) • “Fought over water” • Philip Sheridan • Polk rolled up left flank, killing 2 generals • Acoustic Shadow • Union casualties= 4200 • Confederate casualties= 3400

11. The Battles of Iuka (Sep. 19) and Corinth (Oct. 3) • Grant planned pincer to trap confederates in Iuka • Rosecrans attacked by Price while Ord had no idea (acoustic shadow) • Van Dorn/ Price attack Rosecrans at Corinth • Union casualties= 3300 • Confederate casualties= 5700

12. The Preliminary Emancipation Proclamation • September 22, 1862 • Quote on page 316 • In effect January 1, 1863 • Unsure of country’s response, Lincoln took a conservative approach • Emancipation “necessary means” of winning the war • Cushioned shock • Quote on page 317

13. Lincoln and Civil Liberties • Lincoln suspended the writ of Habeas Corpus • Military control of telegraph to censor reports • State Department originally responsible for internal security; Lincoln transferred responsibility to War Department February 1862

14. Lincoln and Civil Liberties (Cont.) • Stanton reduced arrests • Trials made for imprisoned • At least 15000 arrested during war • Arresting deserters, draft evaders, etc. = good • Arresting editors, public officials, etc. = bad • Quote on page 318

15. The Elections of 1862 in the North • Democrats want to turn around on Republicans before Jan. 1 • Quote on page 319 • Republicans retained Congress • Emancipation made requirement for WV statehood • Quote on page 321 • Emancipation just a Yankee “trick”

16. The Removal of McClellan and Buell from Command • Staff urged McClellan to march on Washington for EP • Quote on page 322 • Military shortcomings did McClellan in; thought he had fought a “masterpiece” at Sharpsburg • Stuart raided up to Chambersburg • Quote on page 324

17. The Removal of McClellan and Buell from Command (Cont.) • McClellan removed from command on November 7, 1862 • Burnside replaced him reluctantly • Buell permitted enemy to escape, men dislike him • Replaced by William S. Rosecrans

18. Europe and the War, 1862 • Palmerston wanted to wait until after Maryland invasion • Loss at Antietam delayed possible foreign support • Napoleon III proposed joint British, French, and Russian armistice • Quote on page 326