1. Orbits & Eyes • Modified Occipito- mental (baseline 550 to film) • Occipito –frontal with 250- 300 caudal angulation of the beam • Lateral • For Localization of IOFB – Three Lateral projections with the patient looking Up, Straight, & Down.

2. Orbits – PA 250 - 300

3. Orbits – modified OM • Median plane perpendicular to bucky • Inter orbital line parallel to bucky • Chin is adjusted to bring the base line (plane) at 550 to bucky • Central ray perpendicular and to pass through a point in midline at the level of the inferior orbital margins

4. Optic Foramina Note :- • The optic canals open into the rear of the bony orbits, that is the optic foramina. The canals pass forwards and laterally at approximately 350 to the median sagittal plane and downwards at approximately 350 to the odito-meatal plane, and this is the path the central ray must take to demonstrate the foramen. • Both sides must be done foe comparison

5. Optic Foramen • Position the head so that The Nose, Zygoma and Chin of the side being examined is in contact with the bucky • Orbit in center of the bucky • Median sagital plane 530 to bucky • The Acanthiomeatal line (plane) is perpendicular to the bucky • Beam – perpendicular & to pass through the orbit

6. Optic foramen – PA oblique • Head in PA position related to the bucky • Position the head so that The Nose, Cheek and Chin of the side being examined is in contact with the bucky • Orbit in center of the bucky • Median sagital plane 550 to bucky • The base line (plane) is at 550 to the bucky • Beam – perpendicular & to pass through the orbit

7. Optic foramen- Radiographic appearance Criteria • Optic foramen visible at the end of the sphenoid ridge in inferior and lateral quadrant of the orbit.

8. Optic foramen