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Computer Systems

DESCRIPTION

This guide provides a comprehensive overview of computer systems, focusing on key components such as main memory, input devices (like keyboards, mice, and scanners), output devices (including monitors, printers, and plotters), and auxiliary storage. It covers vital concepts related to processing power and memory types, including RAM (volatile) and ROM (non-volatile). Additionally, the document explains data transmission processes, memory size units (from bytes to terabytes), and the roles of various storage media like hard disks, CDs, and floppy disks. Ideal for students and technology enthusiasts.

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Computer Systems

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Presentation Transcript

  1. Computer Systems

  2. Basic Components Main Memory Input Processor Output AuxiliaryStorage

  3. Types of Input • Keyboard • Mouse • Barcode readers • Scanners • Voice data entry • OMR • OCR

  4. Types of Output • Monitors (also known as VDUs or screens) • Printers • Plotters • Other types ?

  5. The Processor • Processing Power determined by: • Speed of operation of CPU • Amount of memory • Number of I/O devices it can handle • Some control functions of CPU: • Transmission of input data to memory • Process data held in main memory • Transmission of data from main memory to output devices

  6. Made up of individual storage units calledbytes Total number of bytes is referred to as computer’s memory size: = 1,000 bytes (actually 1024) = 1,000,000 (1 million) bytes = 1,000,000,000 (1 billion) bytes = 1,000,000,000,000 (1 trillion) bytes Main Memory • 1 Kilobyte (Kb) • 1 Megabyte (Mb) • 1 Gigabyte (Gb) • 1 Terabyte (Tb)

  7. RAM and ROM • RAM – Random Access Memory • Stores current programs and data. • It is VOLATILE – lost when switched off • ROM – Read-Only Memory • Non-VOLATILE. • Instructions or programs permanently etched onto a chip. For example, bootstrap loader.

  8. Auxiliary Storage • Hard disk • Stores operating system, systems and application software, and data. • Typical sizes are now 15-20 Gb • Floppy disks • Typical HD disk has capacity of 1.44 Mb. • CDs • Typical capacity of 650-800 Mb. • Zip Disks • Capacity 100 and 250Mb disks. Internal or External models available.

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