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The Intel Microprocessors --from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing

The Intel Microprocessors --from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing. Content Arrangement Reference book Final score. 1. Architecture. 2. Programming. 3. Interfacing. Memory. Printer. I/O. CPU 1. Architecture. 3. Interfacing. 2. Programming. 1. Architecture.

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The Intel Microprocessors --from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing

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  1. The Intel Microprocessors--from 8086 to Pentium Architecture, Programming and Interfacing

  2. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

  3. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

  4. Memory Printer I/O CPU 1. Architecture 3. Interfacing 2. Programming

  5. 1. Architecture • 1.1 The architecture of CPU • 1.2 Addressing modes

  6. Internal Microprocessor Architecture EAX Accumulator EBX Base index DR ECX Count EDX Data ESP Stack pointer PR EBP Base pointer EDI Destination index IR ESI Source index

  7. Internal Microprocessor Architecture Instruction pointer EIP Flags EFLAGS Special purpose registers Code Data Extra Stack Segment registers

  8. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

  9. 2. Programming • 2.1 Data movement instructions • 2.2 Arithmetic and logic instructions • 2.3 Program control instructions

  10. program • .DATA • NUM DB 34H • TABLE DW 0012H,0033H,5687H • .CODE • .STARTUP • MOV BX,OFFSET TABLE • MOV AX,[BX+4] • MOV CX,88H • MUL CX • CMP AX,2000H • JAE NEXT • OUT AX,P8 • .EXIT • END

  11. Application languages /application program High-level languages /compiler &interpretative program Assembly language/ assembly program Keyboard command and system primitive / operating system Machine instruction system/ CPU

  12. 1. Architecture 2. Programming 3. Interfacing

  13. 3. Interfacing • 1 8088/8086 hardware specifications • 2 Memory interface • 3 Basic I/O interface • 4 Interrupts • 5 Direct memory access and DMA-controlled I/O

  14. 8088 hardware specifications

  15. Memory interface

  16. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

  17. request • Familiar with • Addressing mode • programming with assembly language • interfacing of microprocessor

  18. What we can do after learning this • Programming in assembly language in certain real-time system ,memory limited system or embedded system • Design interfacing and writing drivers

  19. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

  20. Reference Books • 微型计算机原理及应用 • 周明德 编著 清华大学出版社 • IBM-PC汇编语言程序设计 • 沈美明主编，清华大学出版社 • 汇编语言与微机原理教程 • 顾元刚主编，电子工业出版社 • The 80x86 IBM PC and Compatible Computers (Volumes I & II): Assembly Language, Design, and Interfacing (4th Edition) • 清华大学出版社

  21. Reference Lessons • Operating system 操作系统 • Computer architecture 计算机体系结构

  22. Content • Arrangement • Reference book • Final score

  23. Final Exam: 70% • Middle Exam:20% • Homework & Attendance:10% • This may be revised according to the needs.

  24. Now let’s begin our exploration in microprocessor.

  25. Chapter 1 Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC

  26. Chapter 1: • What mankind has done before the microprocessor finally came out? 2. How many parts are there in the microprocessor ?

  27. Chapter 1:Introduction to The Microprocessor and PC • 1.1 A Historical Background • 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

  28. 1.1 A Historical Background

  29. 1.1 A Historical Background • A. The Mechanical Age • Abacus (Babylonians) • Analytical engine (Babbage, punched cards, 1823,failure)

  30. 1.1 A Historical Background • B. The Electrical Age • Motor-driven adding machines, based on mechanical calculator (Hollerith, set up IBM-International Business Machines Corporation) • First electronic calculating machine Z3 (German, Konrad Zuse,1942) • The first general-purpose, programmable electronic computer ENIAC (University of Pennsylvania, 1946)

  31. ENIAC • Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator [Computer] 电子数字积分计算机

  32. ENIAC

  33. ENIAC

  34. ENIAC

  35. Intel 4004

  36. Intel 8088

  37. Intel Petium

  38. Intel Petium II

  39. The Moore’s Law:the number of transistors integrated in a chip will double very 18 or 24 mouths

  40. 1.1 A Historical Background • D. The Future of Microprocessors • The process speed will get more faster • The memory will get more large • The bulk will get more smaller • The width of data bus will increase • Architecture will get more efficient

  41. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

  42. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • Question: If we use a computer to figure out an arithmetic expression, how can it finish this work? • 133*33+44*14

  43. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • 133*33+44*14 • First input these numbers. • Do the calculating work. • Store The result • Output the result. • Control this processing.

  44. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • 133*33+44*14 calculator Input device Output device memory data bus Control bus controller

  45. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor Address bus Micro- processor Memory Data bus Interface Control bus External devices BUS definition p25

  46. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor • Bus: P25 • Address bus requests a memory location from the memory or an I/O location from the I/O devices. • Data bus transfers information between the microprocessor and its memory and I/O address space. • Control bus contains lines that select the memory or I/O and cause them to perform a read or write operation.

  47. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor

  48. 1.2 PC Based on Microprocessor A. Relationship Figure microprocessor ALU controller PC register internal memory I/O interface PC system I/O Devices & external memory system software application software power、panel、pc frame, etc

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