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matter

matter. matter. Anything that has mass and takes up space. chemistry. chemistry. Study of matter and how it changes. Physical property. Physical property. Characteristic that can be observed without changing it into a different substance

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matter

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  1. matter

  2. matter • Anything that has mass and takes up space

  3. chemistry

  4. chemistry • Study of matter and how it changes

  5. Physical property

  6. Physical property • Characteristic that can be observed without changing it into a different substance • Example: freezing point, texture, color, temperature

  7. Chemical property

  8. Chemical property • Ability to change into difference substances • Example: rusting, flammability

  9. Physical change

  10. Physical change • Alters the form or appearance of matter but does not turn any substance into different substance • Examples: changes in states of matter (melting of snow), cutting, folding, shredding

  11. Chemical change

  12. Chemical change • Chemical reaction • Substance transforms into another substance • Example: burning wood ashes + gas

  13. endothermic

  14. Endothermic change • Change in which energy is absorbed Example: melting of ice *Feels cool

  15. Exothermic change

  16. Exothermic change • Energy is given off • Feels warm

  17. mixture

  18. mixture Two or more materials combined together Example: salad, hot chocolate, pancakes

  19. solution

  20. solution • Special mixture when a material dissolves in water Example: salt water

  21. dissolving

  22. dissolving • One material disperses evenly into another material so the first one seems to disappear Example: stirring sugar in tea

  23. Post-it Check • Name the 3 mixtures you made. • How was the salt and water different from the others after you added water and stirred? • What are the two ways used for separating mixtures?

  24. evaporation

  25. evaporation • Liquid turns to gas and disperses to the air, leaving any dissolved solid material behind

  26. crystal

  27. crystal • Solid form of a material that can be identified by its properties such as shape, color, and pattern

  28. Question???? Your challenge is to design a method to separate this mixture of solid materials so that the gravel ends in the G cup, the powder in the P cup, and the salt in the S cup. Hmmm… Have you designed your method? Have you separated the gravel? Have you separated the powder? Have you separated the salt?

  29. Question???? How much salt can you dissolve in 50 ml of water? Materials: Water bottle post-it Funnel Salt Blue scoop Filter Balance Gram pieces Syringe Tub of water

  30. Saturating a Solution • Add 50 ml to the bottle • Add one scoop of salt at a time, put the cap on and shake. Keep doing this until you see salt at the bottom. • Pour the bottle through the funnel using a wet coffee filter. What remains is the saturated solution. • Find the mass of your saturated solution using a balance. Put the saturated solution on one side and 50 ml of plain water on the other. Add gram pieces to the plain water until they are balanced.

  31. Saturated solution

  32. Saturated solution • When solid material is added to a solution until no more will dissolve Solute: solid that dissolves Solvent: the liquid in the liquid 2 parts to a solution

  33. Post-it Check Complete this Claims and Evidence Claims Evidence I know it took _________ grams of I know this because… Salt to saturate 50 ml of water.

  34. Heterogeneous mixture

  35. Can see the different parts and can easily be separated • Example: salad

  36. Homogeneous mixture

  37. Homogeneous mixture • So evenly mixed can’t see the different parts • Example: solution, air

  38. solubility

  39. solubility • The property that substances have of dissolving in solvents

  40. concentration

  41. concentration • The amount of material dissolved in a volume (measurement) of liquid.

  42. element

  43. element • Substance that cannot be broken down into any other substances • Example: aluminum, hydrogen, carbon, calcium, nitrogen, silver, gold, mercury • They each have a one or two letter symbol • O=oxygen • C=carbon • Fe=iron

  44. atom

  45. atom • Basic particle from which all elements are made

  46. molecule

  47. molecule • A group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds

  48. compound • A substance made of two or more elements • When they combine, they form compounds with properties different from the elements. • Example: C12H22011=table sugar It has 12 atoms of carbon, 22 atoms of hydrogen, and 11 atoms of oxygen Carbon is black but sugar is not Oxygen is a gas but sugar is not

  49. Potential energy

  50. Potential energy • Energy of an object because of its position

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