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History of Education: 1700’s Europe Educational Awakening

History of Education: 1700’s Europe Educational Awakening. Emily Nguyen C I 204 Summer 2012 Professor Gallagher. How many of you have attended Kindergarten ?. Did you know that it’s optional in most State and that some state requires a fee to enroll in it?

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History of Education: 1700’s Europe Educational Awakening

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  1. History of Education:1700’s EuropeEducational Awakening

    Emily NguyenC I 204 Summer 2012Professor Gallagher
  2. How many of you have attended Kindergarten? Did you know that it’s optional in most State and that some state requires a fee to enroll in it? As of 2010, in California and Iowa, their districts are required to have a Kindergarten program but they’re not required to have full-day program and attendance are not required 43 States are required to have a Kindergarten program, out of those states, 9 are required to provide full-day program and 16 requires attendance in the program State Education Reforms. (2010). Kindergarten Requirements by State. In National Center For Education Statistics. Retrieved from http://nces.ed.gov/programs/statereform/tab5_3.asp
  3. Learning Objectives The students will be able to: Define rationalism, naturalism and apperception Know two educational laws that was created by Fredrick the Great List the five formal step in Herbartian teaching method Recall who started the first kindergarten
  4. What Were Schools For? To start thinking on your own Emergence of rationalism and naturalism Rationalists Believe it is important to reason Truth proven by reason rather than following biblical teachings of what is true Naturalists Learning comes from a natural process; use scientific method, logic and they rationalize than accepting what the Church say is truth
  5. What Was Worth Learning? Who Were The Learners? Power to reason and to think for themselves Verifiable truth; tested Came along the Emergence of Common Man “A period during which the idea developed that common people should receive at least a basic education as a means to better life.” (p.36) Johnson, J.A., Musial, D., Hall, G.E., Gollnick, D.M., Dupuis, V.L. (2011). Foundations of American Education Perspectives on Education in a Changing World (15thed). Boston, MA: Pearson.
  6. What Was The Role Of The Teachers? Johann Friedrich Herbart believe in learning by association Apperception "taking into the mind new "presentations" by means of groups of similar ideas which already form part of the mental content“ (p.vi) “HerbartianTeaching Method - Five formal step 1. Preparation: Preparing the student to receive a new idea 2. Presentation: Presenting the student with the new idea 3. Association: Assimilating the new idea with old ideas 4. Generalization: Generalizing the new idea derived from combination of old and new ideas 5. Application: Applying the new knowledge” (p.37) Fennell, M. (1910). Notes of Lessons on the Herbartian Method. London: Longmans, Green, and Co.
  7. Key People Francois-Marie Arouet (1694-1778), commonly known under the pen name Voltaire He was one of the rationalists leader He wasa great writer so that’s what he use to be a very influential leader
  8. Rene Descartes (1596-1650) He laid the foundations for rationalism from three axioms 1. That reason was supreme 2. That the laws of nature were invariable 3. That truth could be verified through methods of testing Were used to go against the traditional teaching of the church It influence Voltaire thinking
  9. Frederick the Great (1712-1786) He made a big difference in education during his reign as leader of Prussia because he believed it is important Liberal thinker, one of the few leaders that did not force his people into a religion, and permitted free speech and liberty Education flourished and illiteracy decreased Laws on education Teachers need special training Licenses to teach
  10. Jean-Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778) As a philosopher, he wrote quite a lot about education His views on education is what we call naturalism Education must be a natural process Education views in Emile (1762) He hada compassionate, positive view on children Believe theyare born with a clean slate instead of religious belief that they are born of sin
  11. Johann Heinrich Pestalozzi(1746-1827) Swiss educator who put Rousseau’s theory into practice Started two schools for boys Educator would come to see his schools and study from his teaching methods
  12. Johann Friedrich Herbart (1776-1841) An educator that studied under Pestalozzi Pestalozzi put into practice Rousseau’s educational ideas and Herbart took it a step further and organize them into a formal psychology of education 5 steps in Herbartian teaching method
  13. Friedrich Froebel(1782-1852) Educator that was influenced by Rousseau and Pestalozzi Established the first kindergarten An emphasis on social development, a concern for the cultivation of creativity, and the concept of learning by doing Started the idea that women are best suited to teach young children
  14. How Does This Relateto Education Today? We adopted it from Friedrich Froebel who established the first Kindergarten back in the late 1700’s Fredrick the Greatlaws on education Teachers need special training Teachers need Licenses to teach Herbartian teaching methods
  15. Educational Awakening (1700’s)
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