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Ecosystems

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  1. Ecosystems

  2. Ecosystem Ecosystem Community Community Population Population Organism Organism • An ecosystem includes all of the organisms as well as the climate, soil, water, rocks and other nonliving things in a given area.

  3. Community Community Population Population Organism Organism • A community is a group of different species that live together in one area.

  4. plants An ecosystem includes both biotic and abiotic factors. • Biotic factors are living things. • plants • animals • fungi • bacteria

  5. sunlight moisture • moisture • temperature • wind • sunlight • soil • Abiotic factors are nonliving things.

  6. Use the following terms for the examples on the next several pages • habitat • community • ecosystem • abiotic factors • biotic factors • biodiversity • succession

  7. An anthill • habitat

  8. A forest • ecosystem

  9. 548 different species living in the forest • biodiversity

  10. The damp soil of a forest within which a mushroom grows. • habitat

  11. The pH of a lake • Abiotic factor

  12. First grasses, then shrubs, then small trees, finally large trees grow in an area • Succession

  13. Frogs, fish, turtles, lilypads, and dragonflies in a pond • Community or biotic factors

  14. A prairie, with its living and nonliving components • An Ecosystem

  15. All the organisms in acompost pile Community or biotic factors

  16. Give examples of: • community • black bears, Eastern rattlesnakes, bluebirds, trees, shrubs • abiotic factors • temperature, rainfall, humidity, smog level • habitat • bee hive, rabbit burrow, squirrel nest • producers • trees, grasses, algae in streams • consumers • deer, rabbits, squirrels, foxes, birds • decomposers • bacteria, worms

  17. Making a food webhttp://www.classzone.com/cz/books/bio_07/resources/htmls/animated_biology/unit5/bio_ch13_0421_ab_foodweb.html

  18. Trophic Levels (feeding levels) 3 2 1

  19. Food webs

  20. Only ___ % of the energy from one trophic level passes to the next.

  21. What happens to the remaining 90%?

  22. It is used by the organisms or converted to heat

  23. Water cycle p. 90

  24. A = precipitation B = precipitation C = transpiration (water released from plants) D = percolation or seepage E = runoff F = evaporation

  25. A = carbon dioxide in air B = photosynthesis C = plants, algae D = respiration E = herbivore consuming grass F = carnivore consuming animal

  26. G = respiration H = death I = bacteria J = decay releases CO2 K = fossil fuels produced L = refinery M = combustion/burning of fossil fuels N = burning releases CO2 O = fires release CO2

  27. Nitrogen cycle

  28. A = atmospheric nitrogen B = nitrogen converted to ammonia C = legume (peas, peanuts, beans, alfalfa) D = bacteria E = waste converted to ammonia

  29. F = nitrates formed from ammonia G and H = bacteria I = plants use nitrates J = animals eat plants K = bacteria convert nitrates to nitrogen

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