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Nutrient Management

Nutrient Management. Adapted CNMP Core Curriculum. Section 5.1 – Strategic & Annual Planning. Presented by: Roberto Maisonnave, Ag Engineer & M. Sc. International Environmental Consultant robermaison@hotmail.com www.ambientagro.com. Objectives.

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Nutrient Management

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  1. Nutrient Management Adapted CNMP Core Curriculum Section 5.1 – Strategic & Annual Planning Presented by: Roberto Maisonnave, Ag Engineer & M. Sc. International Environmental Consultant robermaison@hotmail.com www.ambientagro.com

  2. Objectives • Difference between long term strategic planning and annual ( tactical ) planning. • Understanding of a whole farm concept considering nutrient flows and balance on the farm. • Source and flow of nutrients on farm and the factors affecting a nutrient balance.

  3. TSP has primary responsibility Producer typically has primary responsibility Planning Process Inventory Review as Necessary Strategic Plan Plan Modification Implementation or Annual Plan Annual Review Documentation & Records

  4. Managed Outputs Feed Meat/Milk/ Eggs Animals Irrigation Crops Water Fertilizer Manure Farm Legume N Boundary Nutrient Imbalance (inputs - outputs) Whole Farm Nutrient Balance Gas Emissions Inputs

  5. The magic number • Number of animals to hectares ratio • Complex relation between: • Swine farm manure handling & storage • Agricultural land availability • Ag potential: soil & cropping system • Opportunity to maximize manure fertilizer value: type and size of equipment, weather

  6. Strategic Planning Purpose: To determine if the farm has an adequate land base for long-term sustainability from a manure nutrient utilization perspective.

  7. Strategic Planning Outcomes • Select nutrient management strategies that produce the greatest benefit. 2) Define procedures to implement strategies as needed in the following: • Annual cropping plan • Conservation plan • Manure export plan • Feed management plan

  8. Is my swine operation concentrating nutrients on the farm? What is the underlying cause of nutrient concentrations?

  9. One-way flow of nutrients. Region of Excess Nutrients Separation of distance and ownership drives one-way flow.

  10. 3. Export Manure 2. Minimize erosion & runoff 1. Crop –Fertilizer-Manure Plan Nutrient Strategies Options 4. Reduce Feed Inputs Region of Excess Nutrients

  11. Strategic Planning Methods • Mass Balance • Nutrient Generation Estimates • Manure Analysis Records

  12. Mass Balance Approach • Difficult to do on nitrogen • Works well with phosphorus • Require some reference values

  13. Nitrogen Mass Balance N2 Emissions NH3 EmissionsN2O Emissions NO3 Losses

  14. Phosphorus Mass Balance • Phosphorus conserved within system • Imbalance observed as increasing soil P levels; • Losses - Runoff is most likely; leaching possible under some situations

  15. Nutrient Generation Estimate Approach (Book Value) • Fast • Easy • Book values may not be representative of the farm

  16. Nutrient Generation Estimate Sources • NRCS AWMFH – Part 651 • MWPS – 18 Section 1 • ASAE Standards (D 384.2) • University publications

  17. Manure Analysis Record Approach • Farm Specific with real data • Availability and accuracy of manure analysis can be variable • Accuracy of manure mass or volume estimates

  18. Swine Waste Variability (Sample analyses from100 Oklahoma Anaerobic Lagoons, 8 years) 100 Sow Farms, 8 years, “n” Range 13-26 samples/year

  19. Analyses of Samples Taken at Successive Pump-outs of Oklahoma Sow Farm * Application rate: 10 mm-ha/ha (0.39 ac-in/ac)

  20. P Mass Balance * P Retention: 30% (NRC) ** Corn, 10 Ton/ha yield, 9.16 kg P2O5/Ton required *** No losses considered (Tank or Lagoon sedimentation?)

  21. Nutrient Generation Estimate* *Oklahoma State University Fact Sheet

  22. Manure Analysis Approach * Based on 15 lt/hd/d water usage (Finisher site target) ** Based on Anaerobic Lagoon Sample

  23. Strategic P Estimate Comparisons

  24. Annual Planning: Where? When? How much?

  25. Annual Planning • Farmer preferences • State specific requirements • Storage capacity interval: 120, 180, 365? • Available cropland: rotation and timing • Labor and equipment constraints • Weather and time constraints

  26. Other implementation plans • Feed management plan? • Reduce feed nutrients • Nutrient Management Plan • Reduce commercial fertilizer • Improve manure utilization efficiency • Manure Management Plan • Select treatment alternatives to reduce or increase manure nutrient content • Manure export plan? • Off farm transportation and utilization

  27. Take Home Message • “Whole Farm” nutrient balance is critical for the planning process that defines the magnitude of nutrient related-risks. • Strategic planning output is an estimate of future situation. • Annual plan review allows to adjust current implementation plan details. • Follow a 5-year NUP

  28. 5-year NUP • Anticipate your: • Crop rotation • Manure utilization • In advance plan for equipment usage • When properly designed it will show you the potential environmental limitations before they happen • Good long term planning makes for good short term decisions!

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