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Chemical Names and Formulas

Chemical Names and Formulas. •Metals and Non-Metals •Ions and Ionic Charges •Types of Compounds •Systematic Names -Writing Names and Formulas. Naming Compounds Tutorial. General Information Binary Ionic Compounds Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions

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Chemical Names and Formulas

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  1. Chemical Names and Formulas •Metals and Non-Metals •Ions and Ionic Charges •Types of Compounds •Systematic Names -Writing Names and Formulas

  2. Naming Compounds Tutorial General Information Binary Ionic Compounds Ternary Ionic Compounds/Poly-atomic Ions Naming w/metals that have more than 1 charge (Transition Metals) Molecular Compounds Naming Acids

  3. Metals and Nonmetals Stairway Of Division on Periodic Table C, P, Se, I, Rn and to the right are non- metals B, Si, As, Ge, Sb, Te, Po, At are semi- metals All others are metals

  4. Cations Positively Charged Atoms Na+ Anions Negatively Charged Atoms Cl- Ions

  5. Group I  Group II  Group III  Group IV  1+ 2+ 3+ 4+ Ionic charges

  6. Group V  Group VI  Group VII  Group VIII  3- 2- 1- Noble Gases Ionic charges

  7. Types of compounds Ionic Compounds • composed of positive and negative ions. • usually formed from a metal and non-metal. • these elements are NOT attached to one another.

  8. • Examples NaCl CaBr2 KI

  9. Chemical formulas Definition • shows the kind and numbers of atoms in the smallest representative unit of the substance. NaCl

  10. Ionic compounds A formula unit is the lowest whole number ratio of ions in an ionic compound. i.e. Na2Cl2NaCl There is no such thing as a molecule of NaCl!!!!!!!!!

  11. Naming compounds The ability to name compounds and write formulas hinges on one’s ability to recognize whether a compound is Ionic or Molecular.

  12. Binary ionic compounds Binary means 2 elements Ionic means a metal and a non-metal (or cation and anion) Writing Formulas • charges must balance so compound charge is neutral.

  13. Binary ionic compounds Writing Formulas from Names 1st word = CATION 2nd word = ANION name with ide ending.

  14. NaBr MgF2 Sodium Bromide Magnesium Fluoride Binary ionic compounds

  15. Potassium Chloride Aluminum Oxide notice ending of name is ide! K+Cl-  KCl Al23+O32-  Al2O3 Binary ionic compounds

  16. Polyatomic Ions Definition - tightly bound groups of atoms that behave as a unit and carry a charge. Example SO32-, NO2-, ClO2-

  17. Ternary ionic compounds Ternary means 3 different elements Usually contain Poly-atomic Ions Ionic means cation and anion

  18. Ca2+CO32-  CaCO3 Calcium Carbonate Ternary Ionic Compounds: writing formulas

  19. Calcium Nitrate  Ca(NO3)2 Ternary Ionic Compounds: Naming

  20. Naming with Transition Metals First word = CATION Second word = ANION determine what charge is on the transition metal if more than one exists

  21. Copper (I) Oxide Cu2O Naming Transition Metals

  22. FeCl3 FeCl2 Iron (III) Chloride Iron (II) Chloride Writing Formulas with Transition Metals

  23. Types of Compounds Molecular Compounds composed of molecules in which elements share electrons. usually composed of 2 nonmetals. these elements are attached

  24. Molecular Formula Definition shows the numbers and kinds of atoms present in a molecule of a compound. i. e. CO, CS2, SiO2,BF3

  25. Binary Molecular Compounds Binary means 2 elements Molecular means 2 non-metals NO ionic charges are present

  26. Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Prefixes are used to show how many atoms are present in each molecule. mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca

  27. CO2 no mono prefix is used on first element Carbon Dioxide Di or 2 oxygen Writing Binary Molecular Compounds

  28. Naming Binary Molecular Compounds First element prefix + element name i.e. N2O dinitrogen monoxide

  29. Naming Binary Molecular Compounds Second element prefix + element root + ide i.e. PCl3 Phosphorous Trichloride All binary compounds end in -ide.

  30. Anion Endings -ide Example HCl Hydrogen chloride HF Hydrogen fluoride Acid Name hydro- (stem)- ic acid Hydrochloric Acid Naming Acids

  31. Anion Ending -ite Example H2SO3 Hydrogen Sulfite Acid Name (stem)-ous acid Sulfurous Acid Naming Acids

  32. Anion Ending ate Example H2SO4 Hydrogen Sulfate Acid Name (stem)-ic acid Sulfuric Acid Naming Acids

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