The Border Environment – From the Outside In

The Border Environment – From the Outside In Helmoed Rőmer Heitman

National and regional borders have two purposes: Protection and Control. • Protection, to keep undesirable people and activities out. • Absolute protection is impossible, so the role of the national borders is to serve as an obstacle to those people. • Control, to monitor the flow of people and goods, to build a picture for planning purposes. • This also provides a filter to guard against unintended, potentially harmful infringements.

This may be an international border, but it is hardly an obstacle

An Obstacle is only an obstacle if it is covered by observation and fire…..

Smuggling has been good business for a long time….

Those who cannot get through borders…go under them….. From Egypt into Gaza… …or from Mexico into the United States

or over them… Drug cartels and terrorists have used ultra-light aircraft, flying at night using a hand-held GPS…. …and some innovative Mexicans have turned to history to find a new delivery mechanism

The World Narcotics Trade

Counter-Narcotics Operations – Not Much Different to COIN

‘Air Cocaine’ Mostly using small aircraft - sometimes a little overloaded, like this one that failed to take off in Costa Rica. Larger aircraft are used to fly the product to Africa; mainly old airliners. Some are used just on one-way trips; like this Boeing 727 in Mali.

‘Go Fast’ Boats in the Caribbean – from rather basic to very modern Hunted by helicopters... …dumping cargo before being boarded

The Next Stage – submersibles and towed ‘torpedoes’. Submersibles come in many shapes and sizes… ‘Torpedoes’ are towed submerged by fishing boats

And beyond, to the true submarine

Illegal logging is major business in Africa, Asia and South America… An illegal industry on a scale that is hard to believe passes unnoticed by authorities – Madagascar, Indonesia, Cameroon.

…and the environmental damage is equally major.

Illegal mining is another lucrative business – and just as damaging to the environment…

Illegal mining is so lucrative that diamonds, gold and are flown out…in the DRC even Casserite ore

Terrorism – increasingly transnational; and making common cause with crime

And terrorists come in all shapes and sizes…

Thank You Questions?

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The Border Environment – From the Outside In

The Border Environment – From the Outside In

Presentation Transcript

Nutrition from the Outside In.

Nutrition from the Outside In .

Safety in the Outside Plant

Corridor/Border Management: examples from outside the Caucasus

At the Border

FROM THE FAMILY UNIVERSE TO THE OUTSIDE WORLD

Drug Development Outside the Academic Environment

Solutions from the Outside

A User Journey view from the outside

Developing the Employability of Students from outside the UK

Weekly Training Session – Set The Stage From The Outside In

Outside The Square -

The View From Outside: PBS’s Pledge Audience

Unit 6: Earth Shaped from the Outside in

The Tempest Outside

Outside the Nucleus

Research outside the University environment

Outside the BOKS:

Improving health in the Irish border region: The lessons from cross-border co-operation

The outside world in 1973

Environment from the molecular level:

Beyond the Border