“There is no such thing as an unmanned system”

1. HSI CARUSO Context-adaptable Autonomous and Remote Unmanned vehicles Systems Operation “There is no such thing as an unmanned system” David Bellino BellinoDS@Npt.NUWC.Navy.Mil Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) Newport RI April 2005

2. Placing Sailors at the heart and the start of every new system, certifying that Sailor performance fully informs system design at the earliest stages of acquisition Fundamental objective of HSI is to influence system design and engineering Focus on safety, performance, and interactions of humans with the equipment that they operate and maintain. Ensures that the resulting system will have the highest and safest performance at the lowest total ownership cost (TOC) Focus on people/KSA as an essential element of systems design Sponsor NAVSEA03: Systems engineering discipline dedicated to providing Navy systems with the best total system performance at the lowest total ownership cost (TOC).

3. HSI Approach to Total Systems Engineering • Optimal Manning • Analysis/Modeling • Human Performance • Metrics Generation • Skill Objects Standards • Development Common Standards, Procedures, and Tools Design Synthesis System Development Top Down Functional Analysis (Hardware/Software/People) • Total System • Test • Evaluation • Certification Requirements Analysis SEA Warrior • Requirements Generation • CONOPS • ICD • CDD • CPD Implementation • Spiral Development • Modernization • Maintenance • Disposal

4. 7 Pillars of Human Systems Integration

5. DoD 5000 and HSI Product Sets A B C IOC FOC Concept Refinement Technology Development System Development And Demonstration Production and Deployment Operations and Support Pre-Systems Acquisition Systems Acquisition Sustainment Mission Decomposition Functional Decompositions Top Down Functional Analyses Alternative Manning Strategies User-Centered Concepts of Operation Training Concepts of Operation Display and Control Guidelines Display and Control Reference Model HSI Performance Metrics HSI Requirements Requirements Reviews HSI Plan Review/Acceptance Quantitative Requirements Performance Metrics HSI Documentation HSI Design Review/Certification Usability Test Plans/Testing Test Plan Reviews HSI Software Development HSI Software Validation HSI Software Verification Testing Training System/Documentation Review Maintainability Validation Concept Refinement Evolution Task Analyses Functional Allocation Manning Analyses Workload Analyses Team and Individual Reqts Personnel Skill Reqts Training Reqts Analysis Training System Reqmts HSI Test Bed Display Prototyping User Interface Hardware Controls Human Performance Modeling Experimental Design Technology Demonstrations EC Concept Paper CPCR Review ECP Review Requirements Elicitation Fleet Feedback Analysis MPT Effectiveness

6. Conducting top down requirements analysis (TDRA) early in system design Identifying deficiencies and lessons learned in baseline comparison systems Applying simulation and prototyping early in system development Defining the roles of humans in system operations and maintenance early in system design Applying human-centered design (HCD) throughout the development Applying human-centered test and evaluation Enhance human performance, specifically situational awareness and decision making Navy Program Manager’s HSI Guide

7. The CARUSO Program Structure and Relationships Programs HSI Domain Experts Acquisition Support Technical Input Experimentation Facilities TDRA HP-Metrics Studies M&S Game-based learning Training Web Technologies Acquisition Liaison Unmanned Systems Domain Experts Systems Engineering CONOPS Modeling & Simulation Lessons Learned CARUSO

8. Provide guidance and support unmanned systems programs Focus on exploration of tomorrow's technology to enhance human performance. Influence systems engineering and equipment design to achieve effective user-system interaction. Explore human media technologies, human machine interactions / interfaces. Develop metrics, human performance, cost benefits, studies, evaluation etc. Conduct psychological and behavioral Human Factors Studies. Assess impact on training and standardization. Develop, demonstrate, and make available tools and methods to support HSI. Document and publish research results. CARUSO Objectives

9. CARUSO Program Management Acquisition Programs Technology Transition & Gov’t Acquisition Program Liaison Community of Interest Products & Studies Knowledge Repository HSI acquisition roadmap UUV MP TDRA Technology Baseline Human Performance Workflow Modeling Processes Metrics Experiment Applied Research Core HSPAC Technology Focus Areas: Modeling, Simulation & Visualization Net-Ready KPP/Web Technologies Common interface & displays UV C2/Mission Planning UV Data Analysis Tools & Methods Post-mission Analysis Training/Game-based Learning Navy Human Performance Capability Metrics/Standards/Baseline Data Repository Lab connectivity Tools SME The Approach

10. UUV Domain TDRA for NAVY UUV Master Plan, reduced scope Feed UUV program HSI product sets Begin to build HSI strategy and product set repository for future UUV programs Net-ready Mission Planning/Tasking prototype for AUVFest HSI Modeling & Simulation framework for UUV operations USV Domain Develop demonstration of multi-user USV operational simulation to be used for COOPEX, man-in-the loop experimentation, skills assessment and manning analysis R&D Context-adaptive Interface Design for potential applications in concert with the Common Presentation Layer (CPL) CAD re-usability for downstream training web applications and distance support 3D data visualization techniques for maritime applications CARUSO ’05 Tasks/Deliverables

11. End-to-end Human Systems Integration Warfighting Capability for Unmanned Systems Focus support for UUV and USV programs Data CONOPS Common Presentation Layer Information Knowledge Interface MISSION TACSIT Human Process Requirements Operational Workflow Process Model Smart Interface Objects Joint Operations Emphasizing Commonality in Unmanned Systems Development

12. Government, Industry & Academia Team OSTC OCEAN STATE TECHNOLOGY Corp . 2005 CARUSO TEAM

13. David Bellino BellinoDS@Npt.NUWC.Navy.Mil Naval Undersea Warfare Center (NUWC) Newport RI Steve Swenson Steve04@ostcri.com Ocean State Technology Corporation (OSTC) Newport RI Contacts