1. Assignment Writing Dr Than Kyaw 19 March 2012

2. Different format and outlines • Assignment • Report • Thesis • Scientific papers

3. Report and Assignment • Flexible • No specific outline • Depends on the project type and nature • Goals

4. Thesis • Table of contents • Abbreviations • List of tables • List of figures • Introduction • Literature review • Objectives • Materials and methods • Results • Discussion • Conclusion • Summary • References • appendices

5. Scientific papers • Abstract • Introduction and objectives • Materials and methods • Results • Discussion • Conclusion • References

6. AssignmentWhat should include? May be some differences among lecturers. But generally the following format - 1. Cover page 2. Table of contents 3. Body of text 4. References

7. Cover page • Faculty • Assignment No. • Title • Submitter’s name • Matric No. • Subject/Class • Lecturer’s name • Submission date Almost everyone OK.

8. Heart Rate and Cardiac OutputFactors that Control Heart Rate and Cardiac Output

9. Table of contentsPage 1. Introduction 1 2. Heart rate 2 2.1 What is heart rate 2 2.2 Regulation of heart 3 2.2.1 SA nodes 3 2.2.2 Baroreceptors and chemoreceptors 4 2.3 How to measure the heart rate in animal and man 4 2.4 Normal resting heart rate in animals 5 2.5 Heart rate in ECG 7 2.5 Factors that control heart rate 2.5.1 Stress – 3 Fs 2.5.2 Temperature Other factors ------ --- ---

10. You can put figures and tables where appropriate. • Number your figures and tables in sequence, add captions after the numbers. • Caption location: Table – above the table Figures – below the figure

11. 3. Cardiac output 20 3.1 What is cardiac output 20 3.1.1 variation in output volume 20 3.2 Regulation of cardiac output 21 3.3 Stroke volume 22 3.4 Cardiac output, stroke volume and HR Relationship 23 3.5 Measuring cardiac output 24 3.6 Factors that control cardiac output 26 3.6.1 ----------- 3.6.2 ----------- ------------ ------------ 4. 5. Others 6. Conclusion 35

12. References Books – 1. Frandson RD, Wilke WL, Fails AD (2009). Anatomy and Physiology of Farm Animals. Chapter 18. Physiology of the heart and circulation. 7th Ed, Wiley-Blackwell. Pp 301-315 2. Reece WO (2005). Functional Anatomy and Physiology of Domestic Animals. Chapter 8. Cardiovascular system. 3rd Ed. Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins, pp . 192-229 Journals – Naing S.W., H. Wahid, K. MohdAzam, Y. Rosnina, A.B. Zuki, S. Kazhal, M. M. Buka, M. Thein, T. Kyaw, and M. M. San(2011). Effect of seminal plasma removal, washing solutions and centrifugation regime in Boer goat semen cryopreservation.Pertanika Journal of Tropical Agricultural Science. Vol.34(2):271-279 Websites – • The Heart and Cardiac Output. http://www.skillstat.com/PDF/mceCO.pdf accessed on 18 March 2012

13. Page numbering • Videos/sound • Copying everything from web – not good • Take facts - try to write on your own in logical sequence.