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Spanish Empire in the Americas: Exploration, Conquistadors, and Colonies

Learn about the Spanish explorers, the conquest and colonization of the Americas, Spanish society in New Spain and Peru, and the causes and effects of Spanish imperial policies.

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Spanish Empire in the Americas: Exploration, Conquistadors, and Colonies

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  1. Chapter 2: Europeans Establish Colonies Chapter 2 Section 1: Spain’s Empire in the Americas

  2. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/precontact-and-early-colonial-era/spanish-colonization/a/the-spanish-conquistadores-and-colonial-empirehttps://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/precontact-and-early-colonial-era/spanish-colonization/a/the-spanish-conquistadores-and-colonial-empire

  3. MISSIONS (Pg. 37) • ___ • ___ • PRESIDIOS (Pg. 35) • ___ • ___ SPANISH AMERICA • EXPLORERS (Pg. 36-37) • ___ • ___ • NATIVE AMERICANS (Pg. 39) • ___ • ___ *WHAT DID EACH DO FOR THE SPANISH EMPIRE?

  4. Chapter 2 Vocabulary • Missionary • Mission • Viceroy • Northwest Passage • Charter • House of Burgesses • Royal Colony • Proprietary Colony • Puritan • Pilgrim • Mayflower Compact • Push factor • Pull factor • Separatist • Quaker • Mestizo • Joint-stock company • William Penn • John Smith • Lord Baltimore

  5. People • William Penn- Quaker known for founding the colony of Pennsylania • John Smith- Capitan who wanted to make a permanent English settlement in North America • Lord Baltimore- Aristocrat who founded Maryland as a Catholic colony

  6. Objectives • Explain Spanish explorers’ achievements. • Describe Spanish society in New Spain and Peru. • Evaluate the causes and effects of Spanish imperial policies in the American Southwest.

  7. Terms and People • missionaries – people who work to convert others to their religion • presidio – Spanish fort located near Spanish mission • viceroy – ruler of a section of the Spanish empire in the Americas, appointed by the Spanish king • mestizo – child of mixed Spanish and Indian ancestry • mission – a location for missionary work

  8. How did Spain strengthen its colonies in the Americas? In the 1500s, Spain gained control of lands rich in gold and silver in the Caribbean and North and South America. Soon other European nations fought for territory to build colonies in the Americas.

  9. Europeans Explore the Americas, 1497–1682

  10. Divisions among European nations caused conflict.

  11. New Spain: Present-day Mexico, Central America, and the Caribbean • Peru: All of present-day South America except for Brazil To protect colonies, Spain organized its territory in the Americas into 2 sections.

  12. The Spanish king appointed viceroysto rule New Spain and Peru. • Spain didn’t allow elected assemblies in their colonies. Only leaders appointed by the King.

  13. Spain also sent conquistadors in the 1500s to North America to claim land.

  14. HERNAN CORTES https://www.bing.com/videos/search?q=SPANISH+EMPIRE+HISTORY+CHANEL&&view=detail&mid=022E1836A7FF58B567F4022E1836A7FF58B567F4&&FORM=VRDGAR

  15. The Spanish built a fort at San Luis, the western capital of the Spanish colonies in Florida. St. Augustine: Founded in 1565, the oldest European settlement in the Americas

  16. To control the people in the colonies, theSpaniards developed a castas system, separating people into social classes. The main social levels were:

  17. Conditions between the Spanish and the Indians got worse in the 1600s. Friars used Spanish soldiers to scare the Indians into adopting Spanish ways. Many Indians died from diseases they got from the Spanish.

  18. The Pueblo revolted against the Spanish and destroyed missions, farms, and ranches. Spanish settlers and missionariesfled to the southern section of present-day New Mexico. A Pueblo leader, Popé, led the revolt.

  19. He was whipped by Spanish for telling people to keep their ways. Convinced Apaches to join him in revolt. In 1680, they defeated the Spanish. For 12 years, Popé governed the Pueblo. Popé was a Pueblo spiritual leader in New Mexico.

  20. Within 3 years after Popé’s death, the Spanish reclaimed New Mexico. The bloody conflict between the Pueblo and Spanish taught each side to compromise.

  21. Section 2.1 Assessment • What were some problems/issues in Europe during the 1500s? (Pg. 34-35) • How did Spain keep control of its colonies in the Americas? (Pg. 35-36) • What was the purpose of a missionary? (Pg. 35) • Why did the Pueblos revolt against the Spanish? (Pg. 39)

  22. Religious divisions between Catholics and Protestants; corruption; divisions of wealth • With the use of viceroys appointed by the King • It served as a place to convert Native Americans to Christianity • They were fed up with their rule

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